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Abstract : One of the natural immune responses of children who experience dengue infection is through the activation of vitamin D into an active form in the blood which plays a role in reducing viral load competitively against the body's viral receptors and helping macrophages to phagolisosomes of the dengue virus by increasing levels of cathelicidin through vitamin D receptors on macrophages and helping inhibit excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators by the body. This study aims to relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and the degree of dengue virus infection. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design, where the dependent and independent variables were examined at the same time in pediatric patients who were hospitalized with clinical symptoms of dengue infection at Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi and Baiturrahim Jambi Hospital who met the inclusion criteria with positive anti-dengue IgM. and or positive anti-dengue IgG. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between vitamin D levels and where there is an increase in the value of cathelicidin levels according to the degree of dengue virus infection in children. In this study it was concluded that the most influential levels between vitamin D levels and cathelicidin levels with the degree of dengue infection were cathelicidin levels.

Abstract : Health policies related to Diabetes Mellitus (DM) control in the community have not been maximized, and the lack of early detection and public awareness to carry out independent care at home has led to an increase in DM cases. Knowing effected the implementation of complementary foot massage therapy in reducing Lost of Protective Sensation (LOPS) in diabetic neuropathy patients. The population in this study were DM patients who visited the Kawatuna Health Center in Palu City with a total sample of 30 people obtained based on a purposive sampling technique. The analysis of this study using The Paired Samples Test. Independent variable complementary foot massage therapy is done by giving foot massage three times a week with a duration of 30 minutes for one month, the dependent variable Lost of Protective Sensation is done by measuring using the monofilament test, and data is analyzed using the Paired Sample Test. Statistically, the results of LOPS based on Paired Samples Correlations showed a value of > 0.948, that the two variables had a very strong correlation. Foot massage intervention was effective (46.7%) in the second week of therapy in reducing LOPS, based on the results monofilament test with a frequency distribution of scores from mild to no neuropathy (56.7%). LOPS in people with Diabetes Mellitus Type II has a higher risk at age >65 years with a duration of suffering from DM >10 years by 10%. Foot massage therapy is an effective alternative to reduce the symptoms of neuropathy and prevent complications, especially LOPS in diabetics with a long history of suffering from 5-10 years and ages 45-65 years.

Abstract : Enterococcus faecalis is a bacteria that often causes secondary infections within the root canals therefore, the selection of appropriate irrigation materials is required at the treatment of root canals. Moringa leaf extract (Moring aolifera) is a natural ingredients that contains secondary metabolites such as, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids, which is beneficial as an antibacterial substance. The objective of this research is to discover if inhibition effect Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) with concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% is able to inhibit the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria through in vitro. This research is a laboratory experimental research with post test only control group design. The Moringa leaf extract was obtained by using maceration technique with 100% in which Moringa leaf extract was liquefied with DMSO to achieve 25%, 50%, and 75% concentration and as control treatments. This research was conducted with 5 controls treatments and each control treatments were done in 6 times repetitions. The inhibition effect was conducted by using disc diffusion method. A clean disc paper was dipped into each concentration for 15 minutes, and transferred into MHA media that has been covered with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria, and then incubated at 37 oC for 24- 48 hours to observe the inhibition effect. Result: According to the research result of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) at 25%, 50%, 75%, 100 % concentration and DMSO (control treatments), it does not generate inhibition effect towards the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) with concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by using disc diffusion method does not generate inhibition effect towards the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria.

Abstract : Postoperative wound healing has an important role in the success of dental implant surgery. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus may suffer from problems with wound healing following dental implantation. Hyaluronic acid has a multifunctional role in the wound healing process. This study aims to investigate the role of hyaluronic acid in wound healing process and postoperative pain following dental implant surgery in well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study included 22 dental implants placed in 16 patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes aged between 45 and 69 years. 0.2% hyaluronic acid (Gengigel, Ricefarma srl, Milan, Italy) was applied three times daily for a week on the sutures in the experimental group, while in the control group, nothing was applied. Postoperative healing was assessed using an Early Healing Index (EHI) after the first week and a healing index (HI) after the second week. Postoperative pain was evaluated with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) daily for 1 week. There were no statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups regarding the healing indexes EHI and HI. There were significant differences in pain intensity according to VAS score on the first and second day after the procedure (P= 0.048, P=0.042 respectively). The results of this study showed that the application of Hyaluronic acid after implant surgery in patients with well controlled diabetes had no significant effect on improving the wound healing process, but may reduce postoperative pain, especially on the first two days after the procedure.

Abstract : Wound is the discontuinity of tissue structure at epithelium layer. Wound healing process involves 3 phases, namely inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Fibroblast cell on proliferation phase play an important role in wound healing process. Fibroblast will achieve its peak on the 7th day and will decrease on the 14th days for collagen synthesis. Binjai leaves (Mangifera caesia) and ramania leaves (Bouea macrophylla Griffith.) contain secondary metabolites, one of them is flavonoid which can help wound healing process and affect the number of fibroblast cells. Objectives this research study is to prove the effect of 15% binjai leaves extract gel and 15% ramania leaves extract gel to the number of fibroblast cells on day 7 and 14 in incisional wound of male rats. A true experimental study with posttest-only control design was conducted. The sample using 18 male rats (body weight 200-250 gram and 2-3 months old) which is divided into 3 groups. Control group was given placebo gel, treatment group was given binjai leaves gel extract 15% and ramania leaves gel extract 15%. The result of two-way Anova showed that there are significant difference based on treatments (p<0.05) and based on days (p<0.05). Furthermore, it showed there was no interaction between treatments and days (p>0,05). Post-hoc Bonferroni test showed that there are significance difference (p<0.05). Binjai leaves gel extract and ramania leaves gel extract have an effect to the number of fibroblast on day 7th and 14th.