Search Results

Abstract : Breast cancer has been one of the most prevalent cancers in women worldwide for more than ten years. The current study's objective was to assess DPG's preventive capabilities against DMBA-induced mammary cancer. The rats in this investigation were randomly categorized into six groups i.e. (I) Normal group; (II) was treated with 80 mg/kg b.w. DMBA for 4 weeks; (III and IV) DMBA + DGG (8 and 16 mg/kg); (VI) DMBA + tamoxifen (2 mg/kg.b.w) four weeks starting from the fifth week of DMBA administration, respectively. A significant normalization in plasma IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 and TGF-β1 as well as mammary on mammary GSH, NP-SH, SOD, CAT, MDA and VEGF levels has been observed through in DMBA-treated rats when administrated with PDG. Oral DPG administration has suppressed PI3K, AKT, and STAT3 gene expression in DMBA-treated rats. The present biochemical and histological results showed that DPG has strong anticancer properties against DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma by induction the biosynthesizes of GSH, SOD, and CAT and suppressing the PI3K, AKT and STAT3 gene expression.

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to measure the amount of lymphocyte B cells and the level of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) as an indicator of infection susceptibility in DS patients. This research used case-control design. Samples were 20 DS patients, and 25 control non-DS, from 4 to 16 years old. DS patients and non-DS were identified by physical examination and chromosome examination. Venous blood was taken from each subject for chromosome examination, counting the number of lymphocyte B cells CD19+ and measuring IgG levels. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. This study found that the average number of lymphocyte B cells CD19+ in patients with DS was 305.05 ± 162.52, which was lower than the control group (750 ± 501.74) with p=0.00. The mean IgG levels in DS patients (1421.20 ± 363.37) were found to be higher than the control group (1291.80 ± 91.69), p>0.05. This study showed that the number of lymphocyte B cells CD19+ was lower in DS patients than controls. It may be due to the continuous activation of the immune system that will lead to apoptosis resulting in a decrease in the number of lymphocyte B cells CD19+.

Abstract : Two prenylated chalcones, morachalcon A and one other unidentified compound (ME2) were isolated from the stembark of Artocarpus champeden and their structure were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The antimalaria activities were determined against the growth of P.falciparum in vitro in the presence of a wide concentration ranges of the compound and the results indicated that all compounds exhibited antimalarial activity with IC50 of 0,28µg/ml and 0,35µg/ml respectively. Attempt to determine their mechanism of action by morphological and biochemical analysis of the hemoglobin degradation process in the food vacuole using electron microscopies, SDS-PAGE revealed that morachalcon A and ME2 compounds inhibited hemoglobin degradation. Morphological analysis revealed several changes such as: distention of the food vacuoles, extraerythrocytic location of the parasite in the treated groups. The findings indicated that the two compounds of the A. champeden exhibited potent antimalarial activities through inhibition of the hemoglobin degradation. Therefore, the compounds are potentially developed into novel antimalarial drugs.

Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using dentine posts on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated primary incisors in comparison to glass fiber and composite posts. The study sample consisted of 45 extracted primary maxillary incisors they were randomly distributed into two groups: Group I (Experimental, n=15): which was restored with dentine posts, Group I (Experimental, n=15): which was restored with composite posts, Group III (Control, n=15): which was restored with glass fiber posts. Initially, 10 extracted single-root permanent teeth were collected to prepare twenty dentine posts using a CAD-CAM machine. Then, the primary maxillary incisor crowns were cut, and the canals were prepared and filled. Then the preparation for a post was made using Gates Glidden drills, and the posts were placed with an extension of 3 mm within the canal in both groups, then the crown was built and the teeth were placed within acrylic cubes and subjected to 500 thermocycling. Fracture resistance was recorded using a Testometric machine. Data were analyzed using a One-way ANOVA test. The dentine posts group showed greater fracture resistance (246.3 N) than the glass fiber posts group (206.3 N) with a statistically significant difference (P-value=0.004). The dentine posts group also showed greater fracture resistance than the composite posts group (154.1 N) with a statistically significant difference (P-value=0.000). The fracture resistance of the glass fiber posts group was greater than the composite posts group with a statistically significant difference (P-value=0.000). The dentin posts used in restoring severely decayed primary maxillary incisors showed greater fracture resistance than glass fiber and composite posts. Therefore, the use of dentin posts as intra-canal stabilizers in maxillary primary incisors is a good alternative for glass fiber and composite posts.

Abstract : Burnout represents a significant occupational problem, particularly in healthcare settings. The problem is even apparent among medical and surgical residents. However, little is known about burnout prevalence in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. To assess the prevalence of burnout and severe burnout among residents and the differences between medical and surgical specialties and other demographic groups. A survey-based study was carried out among residents who were working in Qassim, Saudi Arabia using a convenient, non-probability sampling technique. The 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) for Medical Personnel was used for data collection. Data from 167 residents were analyzed (62.9% males). Burnout and severe burnout were prevalent among 65.9% and 36.5%, respectively. Depersonalization, emotional exhaustion and low levels of personal accomplishment were reported among 62.3%, 45.5% and 6.0%, respectively. Burnout was independently associated with working in two local hospitals, whereas severe burnout was predicted by being a single and working in selected hospitals in Qassim. There was no independent association between medical or surgical specialties and burnout. Burnout was highly prevalent among residents under study. It is necessary to tailor dedicated strategies in specific hospitals to reduce the burnout burden and mitigate its negative consequences.