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Abstract : Mistletoes are semi-parasitic plants that can kill the plants they host. Mistletoe has been used for generations in traditional medicine, one of which is as an anticancer agent. This study aims to examine the antioxidant activity and chlorophyll content of Dendrophthoe pentandra and Scurulla atropurpurea. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was found in the mistletoe's leaves, flowers, and broad stems because they contain high levels of flavonoids. The highest total chlorophyll content of young and old leaves was obtained in Scurulla atropurpurea at 19.711 and 18.6282. The highest levels of chlorophyll in young and old leaves in Dendrophthoe pentandra and Scurulla atropurpurea are due to absorbing a lot of energy in photosynthesis. The potential of Scurulla atropurpurea is well-developed in traditional medicine in people's daily lives.

Abstract : The new types of sealer pastes such as Bioceramic increased the difficulty of retreatment and complete removal of root canal filling materials, Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of XP-3D R files in removing two types of sealer pastes (Bioceramic Hi-flow and Bioceramic sealer). The study sample consisted of 30 single-rooted and single-canal mandibular premolars, the root canals were prepared to F2 size and divided into two equal groups: Group 1 (n=15): the root canals were filled using BC Hi-Flow with warm vertical compaction technique, and Group 2 (n=15): the root canals were filled using BC with single-cone obturation technique, then retreatment was done using PTUR files, then the teeth were extracted longitudinally, and photographed. The mages were analyzed using the AutoCAD program, as the canal space and the amount of residue in each of the two parts were calculated. The XP-3D R files system was not able to completely remove the root canal filling materials in both groups, and the results showed that the amount of root canal filling residues in the BC Hi-Flow group was (14.27%), while in the BC group was (10.86%). There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of root canal filling residues in the coronal and apical thirds, in contrast to the middle third as the root canal filling residues were (18.20%) in the BC Hi-Flow group, while it was (11.91%) in the BC group. The XP-3D R files showed the ability to reduce the amount of the root canal filling residues more in the BC group and were not able to completely remove the root canal filling residues in any of the samples. The amount of the root canal filling residues in the BC Hi-Flow group was greater in the middle third and the greatest root canal filling residues removal efficacy of these files was in the apical third.

Abstract : Many methods preserve the dimensions of hard and soft tissues, these methods include the use of bio-materials, bone grafts, and membranes, these methods aim to ensure a sufficient volume of soft and hard tissues, which preserve the cosmetic and functional aspects in fixed and over implants prostheses. This study aims to compare socket seal surgery and atraumatic extraction in causing bone tissue dimension changes. The sample of the study included 24 extracted teeth and was divided into two groups: the socket seal group and the atraumatic extraction group. Data were collected and CBCT was taken immediately after extraction and 6 months after extraction to measure bone changes. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The results showed a statistically significant difference in the change in width between the two groups at the 5 mm measurement level. In contrast, no statistically significant differences appeared in the vertical change or the change in width at the 5 mm measurement level. The study concluded that the application of socket seal surgery using an epithelial connective tissue graft can reduce the horizontal resorption of the alveolar bone after extraction.

Abstract : This study aimed to investigate haloperidol sedative properties compared with midazolam in the management uncooperative children during dental treatment. This study was designed as a randomized clinical study based on evaluating the efficacy and safety of two sedative methods. The sedative methods efficacy and safety were evaluated using behavioral and vital signs assessments during pulpotomy on primary molars. 60 Healthy non-cooperative children, aged 3-6 years, were divided into two equal groups according to the sedative methods: Group 1 (experimental): oral sedation with haloperidol 0.25 mg/kg, and Group 2 (control): oral sedation with midazolam 0.5 mg/kg. The behavior of the children subjected to midazolam oral sedation was better than children subjected to haloperidol oral sedation according to the OSUBRS scale. The depth of sedation among children subjected to midazolam oral sedation appeared to be higher than the depth of sedation among children subjected to oral haloperidol sedation with a statistically significant difference, according to the UMSS scale. According to the Houpt scale, the results showed that the general behavior of children subjected to the midazolam oral sedation was better than children subjected to haloperidol oral sedation. The sedative effect of oral midazolam was better than the oral haloperidol.

Abstract : Vertical root fractures (VRF) are considered one of the most dangerous complications that might occur, due to the difficulty in its diagnosis and prognosis. These fractures happen more frequently, particularly after endodontic treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ability of MTA-based sealers in increasing the fracture resistance of endodontically retreated teeth. The study sample consisted of 45 single-rooted and single-canal premolars. All teeth were decoronated, and instrumented up to Protaper F2 (25/8%). Root canals were then obturated using Zinc-oxide and Eugenol (ZOE) sealer and thermal obturation technique. Then retreatment procedures were done using Protaper F3 (30/9%) and all teeth were divided into three equal groups: Group 1 (Experminteal, n=15): root canal were obturated using MTA-based sealer and single cone technique, Group 2 (Positive Control, n=15): root canal were obturated using ZOE sealer and single cone technique, and Group 3 (Negative Control, n=15): without root canal obturation. All teeth were restored with glass ionomer cement and kept in an incubator at 37°C for a week. All samples were placed within acrylic bases and a vertical force was applied using a Testometric machine and the fracture resistance force was recorded. MTA and positive control groups showed better fracture resistance (485.07, 455.72 N respectively) than the negative control group (492.680 N) with a statistically significant difference (p=0.003, 0.013 respectively). However, no statistically significant difference was found between MTA and positive control groups (p=1.000). Based on this in vitro study, the use of MTA and ZOE enhanced the fracture resistance in retreatment root-filled single-rooted premolar teeth.