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Abstract : The number of people with HIV continues to increase and it is a common concern of the government and society to be able to realize zero new cases by 2030. There are many programs carried out by the government, one of which is increasing education about HIV/AIDS to adolescent groups. To analyze the effectiveness of Health promotion on Anana Moane and Kalambe Sala: Community Intervention Based on Local Wisdom in the Prevention of HIV/AIDS Infection in Wakatobi. Using a quasi-experimental method with a pret test design and a post test two group design to analyze the differences between the two intervention groups. The population is Anana Moane and Kalambe Sala members of the community in Wakatobi aged 17-25 years as many as 68 people. Data analysis using Normalized N-Gain and Independent T tests to see the methods that had the most significant effect on changes in participants' knowledge about HIV/AIDS. There was a significant influence of Health promotion carried out in 2 intervention groups on the knowledge and attitudes of Anana Moane and Kalambe Sala regarding HIV/AIDS Prevention Efforts, but the most influential health promotion was an effective training method in increasing the knowledge and attitudes of Anana Moane and Kalambe Sala. Adolescents' knowledge of HIV/AIDS is still limited, so it requires efforts to approach and educational methods according to local culture as explained to Anana Moane and Kalambe Sala to increase knowledge and change attitudes so that new cases of HIV/AIDS, especially in adolescents, can be reduced.

Abstract : The main goals of endoscopic sinus surgery are providing a sufficient drainage and ventilation for paranasal sinuses. Partial resection of the middle turbinate is sometimes necessary to provide good surgical access to the middle meatus. To evaluate the surgical access and patency of middle meatus with clinical outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery with and without partial middle turbinate resection. A prospective study has been conducted in otolaryngology department at Al-Immamain al- Kadhymain teaching hospital from August 2017 to September 2018 on 24 selected patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyposis, didn’t respond to medical treatment. They managed by endoscopic sinus surgery and divided randomly into two groups: Group I with partial middle turbinate resection including 14 patients (28 sides operated). Group II with middle turbinate preservation including 10 patients (20 sides operated). Follow up was done weekly during 1st month, every other week during 2nd month and once during 3rd month. The patency of middle meatal antrostomy was 100% in group1 and 75% in group2. Adhesion was 3.6% in group1 and 30% in group 2. The duration of operation was shorter in group 1. Over all, symptoms improved in both groups. Partial middle turbinate resection can result in significant long-term patency of middle meatus and decrease in adhesions & shortening surgical time without any significant adverse effect, at same time preserve partially as surgical landmark.

Abstract : Despite the widespread availability of antibiotics, urinary tract infection (UTI) remains the most common bacterial infection in the human population. Current knowledge of the organisms that cause UTI and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern is mandatory to ensure appropriate therapy. Production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. Knowledge of their prevalence is essential to guide appropriate antibiotic therapy. Aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of ESBLs in uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae and their antibiogram. A total of 300 uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae isolated from a teaching hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by “Kirby Bauer's” disc diffusion method according to “Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute” (CLSI) guidelines. These isolates were tested for ESBL phenotype by CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test (CLSI-PCT). It was found that 53% of the isolates were ESBL producers. E. coli (56%) and Klebsiella species (35%) were the predominant. Nitrofurantoin, piperacillin-tazobactum and amikacin were found to be the most effective antibiotics. ESBL producers were more resistant to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactum, amoxyclav and cotrimoxazole compared to non-ESBL producers. Continued antibiotic surveillance, infection control measures and an effective antibiotic policy are required to address the problem of ESBL associated infections.

Abstract : One of common post-burn hand deformities is finger nailfold contracture and deformity. To evaluate the versatility of distally based bipedicled flap technique in correction of post-burn finger nailfold reconstruction. 24 fingers, of nine patients, with postburn finger nailfold deformity, submitted to reconstruction from January 2013 to June 2014, in Al Wasity hospital in Baghdad, using distally based bipedicled flap. A distally based bipedicled flap was designed over the dorsum of the distal phalanx, with fishtail darts placed on each side. The donor area was covered with FTSG (taken from the groin) and fixed with a tie-over bolster dressing. After six months follow-up, most of patients showed satisfactory results regarding both contracted finger nailfold and nail growth. There was no case of total flap necrosis. Apart from minor complications, such as slight bulky flap and hyperpigmented skin graft in flap donor site, no major complications were observed. The distally based bipedicled skin flap is shown to be a simple, reliable, one stage, and effective technique to reconstruct most cases of postburn finger nail fold contracture and deformity. It has the advantage of correcting the associated nail growth deformity through the same surgical procedure with minimum complications.

Abstract : There are thousands of variations of the coronavirus virus, which affects the epidemic of this disease; therefore, monitoring these variables is necessary to understand the course of the epidemic and the impact of the type of variations on the severity of the disease. Coronavirus disease is a recent viral disease that has caused a modern global health pandemic since the influenza pandemic in 1918. The study was conducted by collecting nasal swabs of 100 patients with positive samples of COVID-19 virus in cooperation with the Central Public Health Laboratory (CPHL) and Imam Ali Hospital in Baghdad. The SARS-CoV-2 Variant Typing Real-TM (Real-Time PCR kit for the qualitative identification of SARS-CoV-2 Variant mutations in the Spike protein/ Sacace Biotechnologies com./ Italy) diagnostic kit was used to determine the viral genomic information of the samples. The 100 positive Covid-19 PCR template samples' results revealed four different types of recognized variations. Unknown variants 39 made up the greatest portion of the sample (39%; 95%CI: 29.0 - 49.0), followed by 19 OMICRON variant B.1.1529 (19%; 95%CI: 12.0 - 27.0), 17 Brazilian/Gamma variant P.1, 15 South Afrian/Beta variant B.1.351, and 10 British /Alpha variant B.1.1.7. When using the SARS-CoV-2 Variant Typing real -TM diagnostic kit to determine the type of variant, we have 39 unknown variants, which is due to the occurrence of mutations in the genetic structure of this virus. These mutations will have many negative effects on the molecular and serological tests, so the study sample, which consisted of 100 samples, was positive for the PCR test.