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Abstract : Clinical studies show a strong connection between vitamin D levels in serum with cognitive impairment in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. It is important to study the effect of cholecalciferol on the cognitive function in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism in the Western Ukrainian population. The study included 56 patients with hypothyroidism (H) caused by autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). These patients were distributed into two groups. Patients in the Group 1 (n = 28) received cholecalciferol at a dose of 4000 IU/day (28,000 IU/week) and L-thyroxine (88.39 ± 12.70 μg / day). Patients in the Group 2 (n = 28) were prescribed only L-thyroxine (87.50 ± 12.73 μg / day). Examinations were performed at the beginning and end of the 12-week treatment. We detect a decline in cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination. After the course of treatment, patients showed improvement in cognitive function. In Group 1 patients who received cholecalciferol and L-thyroxine after treatment, the percentage of patients with moderate (pre-dementia) cognitive impairment decreased from 50% to 21.4%. At the same time, no statistically significant changes were found in the group of patients taking L-thyroxine alone. Normalization of cognitive functions according to the MMCE test increased from 28.6% to 78.6% in the first group, and from 21.4% to 50% in patients of Group 2. Based on our results, patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism should be given vitamin D supplements to improve cognitive function.

Abstract : Parenting stress has increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Parents of children with intellectual disabilities experience high parenting stress during the pandemic. Resilience and self-efficacy can be factors that influence parental stress, but there is still limited research looking at the relationship between resilience and self-efficacy with parenting stress of parents with children who have disabilities during the pandemic. The aimed of this study was to determine the relationship between resilience and self-efficacy with the stress of parents who have children with disabilities during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a cross-sectional design. This study used consecutive sampling of 156 respondents from parents who have children with intellectual disabilities aged 5-19 years of 4 Special Schools in Yogyakarta. The instruments used in this study included the Parental stress scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25), the modified Self-efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index (SEPTI), and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) for screening. Bivariate analysis using Spearman test and Independent T-test. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the most dominant factors affecting parenting stress in parents of children with intellectual disabilities. Most parents (51.3%) experienced high parenting stress with low resilience (51.9%) and self-efficacy (55.8%). There is a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between resilience and self-efficacy with parenting stress which is negatively correlated with resilience values (r -0.21) and self-efficacy (-0.242). Resilience is the most dominant factor influencing parenting stress (β: -0.177). Resilience and self-efficacy are factors that influence the parenting stress of children with intellectual disabilities aged 5-19 years during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Abstract : The prevalence of child stunting in Indonesia is 30.8%, exceeding the figure required by WHO as much as 14% which has an impact on the country's gross domestic income. The main cause based on the behavioritic paradigm is the deviation of family behavior in the first 1000 Days of Life phase. The research method uses a mix-method, namely a qualitative method to map the factors that cause behavioural deviations and a quantitative method to examine the relationship between variables causing deviations. The sample is mothers who have to stunt children as many as 303 people. Data were collected by interview, FGD, and observation. Data analysis using chi-square test. Qualitative results show the taxonomy of causes of behavioural deviations including silence in communication between health workers, practical attitudes of families, orientation to modern lifestyles, hereditary experiences, and cultural perceptions. The quantitative results show that the mute variable of health workers has the most significant influence on the occurrence of behavioural deviations with a significance level of 0.028. The ability of health workers to assist families determines the occurrence of behavioural deviations that result in stunting in children. It is recommended to integrate the content of community empowerment into the health education.

Abstract : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also called Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a heterogenous endocrine disorder that affects approximately 4–8% of women of reproductive age. Study the effect of Cressa Cretica leaves extract on induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rat model, evaluate the effect of Cressa Cretica leaves extract on biochemical markers (adiponectin and serum blood glucose) and hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone and estrogen) and compare the effect of Cressacretica leaves extract with that of metformin. Method: Female rats were administrated with 0.4 mL of oral letrozole (5.3mg/kg) daily for 21 days, followed by a dose of Metformin (500mg/kg) for first group, High dose Cressacretica (400mg/kg) for second group, low dose Cressacretica (300mg/kg) for third group and Combination of (200mg/kg) from Cressacretica with (250mg/kg) from metformin for forth group, the treatment received for 30 days. C. cretica treated group show lower level of glucose, testosterone and LH except that for adiponectin, Estradiol and FSH where it was elevated in comparison to induction group. Cressacretica treated groups observed better results in comparison with metformin in improvement of PCOS symptoms in female rats.

Abstract : Preeclampsia remains one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to know the relationship between placental location after 28 weeks and occurrence of preeclampsia and FGR., and to compare the outcome of pregnancy with non-lateral (central) and laterally implanted placenta. Place of study: Niloufer hospital, Osmania medical college, Hyderabad. Study period: 18 months. Study design: Longitudinal Observational hospital-based. Procedure of data collection: In this study 200 singleton pregnant women who have come to NILOUFER Hospital, and who were willing to participate in the study were taken. In this study the location of placenta and placental doppler was determined from 28weeks of gestational age. The placenta was classified as non-lateral when it was equally distributed between right and left irrespective of being anterior, posterior, and fundal in position. When 75% or more mass of placenta waste wards one side it was described as lateral. Study analysis: The results of the study will be compiled, tabulated and analyzed by MICROSOFT EXCEL. All 200 patients were followed till delivery for occurrence of preeclampsia as per guidelines. All data was analyzed and statistical significance was determined by Chi-square test and value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of 200 patients, 110 members had lateral placenta and 90members had central placenta. Out of 110 members with lateral placenta, 29 patients had preeclampsia and remaining 81, are normal. Out of 90 patients with central placenta, 11 patients developed preeclampsia and remaining 79 are normal. Incidence of preeclampsia in lateral placenta (110) in this study was 26.36%. Incidence of preeclampsia in central group (90) in my study is 12.22%. In this study after applying the Chi Square test, the value is 6.118 and the P value is <0.05 which is statistically significant. Incidences of preeclampsia, IUGR and birth asphyxia were found to be higher in laterally localized placenta cases when compared with those in central localized placenta. This association should prompt the clinician for preeclampsia and IUGR in pregnant women with laterally localized placentas.