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Abstract : This work created a new cross-linked hydrogel, Chitosan/Pol(acrylic acid-acryl amid-crotonic acid) (CS/(PAA-AM-CA)), using free radical polymerization. KPS catalysed the free radical reaction initiated by chitosan. A solution of acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), crotonic acid (CA), and N,N-Methylene-Bisacrylamide (MBA) was then added. FTIR and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy were used to characterise the hydrogel (FESEM). These methods were used before and after adsorbing Azure A dye onto the hydrogel. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the hydrogel's adsorbed surface was thermally stable. XRD measurements showed the hydrogel's amorphous structure. Azure A dye equilibrated in 120 minutes. Adsorption kinetics were explored for pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Correlation coefficient (R2) findings showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption process was also tested using three salts: sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and calcium chloride (CaCl2). The quantity of colour adsorbed increased with pH. Adsorption capability decreased increasing salt content. This study produced and studied CS/AA-AM-CA, a cross-linked hydrogel, using free radical polymerization. The hydrogel has great heat stability and pH-dependent Azure A dye absorption. Salts decreased adsorption capability. Optimizing adsorption conditions and using this hydrogel for dye removal and environmental cleanup warrants further study.

Abstract : The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative bone density of the maxilla using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of Kurdish population in Sulaimani city and Comparing between bone density in the anterior, premolar, and molar areas also in relation to sex and age. A total of 140 CBCT of Kurdish population of both sexes with age range (20-80 years). At each implant site, the bone density has been assessed twice. A mean value has been taken to assign for that region in edentulous patients or partially dentate patients. One investigator has taken all the readings to eliminate any potential for bias, and the study is containing CBCT from one system. The maximum value was (1466.6 HU) and the minimum value was (23.3 HU) and the median was (532.1 HU). The result shows that there is no statistical difference between males and females (p-value 0.981), While the Kruskal-Wallis H test shows a significant difference between the regions (anterior, premolar, and molar) regions (p-value = 0.000). The anterior region shows the highest ranking followed by the premolar region and lastly the molar region. The most common bone type of upper jaw in Kurdish population was D3 and the less type was D1. The anterior region shows the highest ranking (347 HU) followed by the premolar region (275HU) and lastly the molar region (195 HU). Compared with other populations this study demonstrated that the bone density of Kurdish population was lower than others. This aids in racial determining in forensic dentistry and implant prognosis.

Abstract : Obesity is an accumulation of abnormal or excessive fat that poses a risk to health. According to Asia pacific criteria, obesity in adults is defined as BMI ≥25. The gut microbiota has recently been put forward as an environmental factor responsible for weight gain and energy metabolism disorders that cause obesity. Polyphenols such as anthocyanins found in black rice (Oryza sativa L) are expected to play a role in the homeostatic gut microbiota in suppressing obesity and other metabolic diseases. This study aims to determine the analysis of the intestinal microbiota of Phylum Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and protobacteria in Obese Subjects who were consumed with black Rice extract through feces examination. This type of research is a Quasi Experimental laboratory with a double blind Randomized Control Trial (RCT) design. The research design used was a design with a control group (The Pre and Post Test Control Group Design). The sample was Obese Patients aged 18-25 years. The study was divided into 3 groups. Where Group 1 Ideal body weight was given plaebo, group 2 Obesity was given placebo, and group 3 Obesity was given Black Rice Extract 5.6 gr/dl. The data is presented descriptively and the Test differs paired t-test. The results of the study found in groups 1 and 2 there was a difference between the pre and post tests but not significant. Meanwhile, in group 3, there were significant differences in the decrease in the post-test value of the Phylum Firmicutes Genus Clostridium Leptum Microbiota and the comparison with the total bacteria in the post test. Conclusion: Black Rice Extract contains high Anthocyanins so that it can be used as a prebiotic ingredient for the intestinal microbiota in obese subjects. This was proven that obese patients who were given black rice extract for 4 weeks experienced a significant decrease in the post test of the Closridium Leptum Microbiota which is a gram-positive Pathogenic Bacteria.

Abstract : The incidence of diseases is a cycle that repeats every year and its patterns are inseparable from unhealthy environmental conditions. Environmental pollution by wastewater originating from the production of batik, tofu, tempeh, and various snacks, and household products can be very high in organic content. A high population density such as in industrial areas with unkempt living areas and disorganized waste disposal, is favoured by various disease vectors. It is in such areas that respiratory and stomach ailments have always been epidemic. Education influences a communityʼs perception of their environment is high school, female, and adult. Their perception of their environment and pollution stems from internal and external factors. Hopefully, the perception of environmental pollution will change in a better direction, so that the cycle of disease transmission can be broken.

Abstract : Documentation of paper-based nursing care has problems with incompleteness in filling out the initial assessment of hospitalization ≥ 24 hours. Discrepancies between the data from the assessment results with the appointment of nursing problems. The discrepancy between intervention and implementation. The results of interviews with nurses in the service unit showed that incomplete documentation was caused by the large number of documents that had to be filled out, filling in the same data on several forms, and forgetting to fill them out because the room was busy. The workload of nurses is in the medium category. Overcoming the documentation problem was taken by developing an integrated information system using electronic medical records. This study explores technology acceptance (Technology Acceptance Model) from the largest users, namely nursing staff, from perceived ease of usefulness, perceived ease of use, and Computer self-efficacy in using electronic documentation. This study used a qualitative methodology, explorative phenomenology type with action research design through FGD with 12 participants selected by purposive sampling technique. The results obtained from the research resulted in 5 themes, namely Understanding the Electronic Nursing Care Documentation System and Implementation of 3S standards in RME. Confidence in computing abilities in nursing care documentation. Use of technology in nursing. Ease of use of electronic documentation. The design of the Technology Implementation Model in nursing care documentation is expected to be an instrument for evaluating the acceptance of electronic medical record technology at the Elizabeth Hospital in Semarang, so that patient safety and security are guaranteed.