Search Results

Abstract : This research aims to study the periodontal parameters after implementing the connective graft by tunnel- technique in patients with crowding in the mandibular anterior region. The randomized controlled clinical study sample consisted of 24 patients (12 patients in the control group and 12 patients in the experimental group), who were distributed into two groups according to the sequence of their admissions. Patients with single numbers were treated by implementing the connective tissue graft before the orthodontic. Patients with double numbers were treated with orthodontics only. The gingival recession and thickness were measured before and at the end of treatment. In addition, Little's irregularity index was measured every month until the end of treatment. The results showed an increase in gingival thickness in the experimental group. Gingival recession did not occur in the control or experimental group. The improvement in crowding was noticed in the experimental group's first and second treatment sessions. The implementation of connective tissue graft by tunnel technique is indicated before the orthodontic treatment in patients with thin gingival biotypes, where it increases the gingival thickness without accelerating the orthodontic movement in cases of crowding in the mandibular anterior region. Moreover, orthodontic treatment does not cause gingival recession.

Abstract : Nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and shivering are among the most common complications induced by the administration of intrathecal opioids after surgery. Considering that the interaction between opioids and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptors can play a significant role in causing these complications, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of ondansetron as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist on reducing the incidence of nausea and vomiting, pruritus, and shivering after intrathecal injection of fentanyl in orthopedic surgeries. The present triple-blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients that were candidates for lower limb orthopedic surgeries. Thirty minutes after spinal anesthesia, 4 mg of ondansetron, 8 mg of ondansetron, and 4 CC of distilled water (as a placebo) were intravenously administered to the patients in the first, second, and third groups, respectively. During 4 hours after surgery, the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), pruritus, and shivering were recorded. The results of the present study revealed that the incidence of PONV, pruritus, and shivering in the control group with the values of 53.3%, 20%, and 43.3%, respectively was significantly higher than their incidence in the ondansetron-4mg group with the values of 23.3%, 6.7%, and 23.3%, respectively and ondansetron-8mg group with the values of 16.7%, 10%, and 20%, respectively (P-value<0.05). Moreover, the severity and incidence of these complications were not significantly different between the two ondansetron doses (P-value>0.05). According to the results of the present study, the preventive administration of ondansetron can significantly reduce the incidence of PONV, pruritus, and shivering after surgery; however, there was no significant difference in the administration of its various doses.

Abstract : Stunting is a growth disorder indicator of nutritional deficiency over a long time. Low intake of protein, calcium, and zinc are identified by calcium and zinc in hair. Calcium and zinc minerals have an essential role in growth and development during the first 1000 days of life. One factor that affects stunting is the low intake of bone-forming nutrients such as calcium and zinc consumed, causing the calcium content in the blood to decrease and children's hair growth. Calcium and zinc minerals have an essential role in human growth. This study aims to determine the effect of red bean cookies on blood serum calcium and zinc levels in toddler’s hair (13-36 months) who experienced stunting in the work area of Pantai Labu Community Health Center. This study was a Quasi Experiment with pre- and post- test design. The population were stunted toddlers in 13 - 36 months, divided in two groups, with control and treatment of 26 persons in each group. The administration administration of cookies with and without red beans is provided every day, as many as five pieces (20 gr/piece) weighing 100 gr for 12 weeks. There were differences in the administration of cookies in the control and treatment group by independent t-test method of blood serum calcium with p=0.027. While for biomarkers, hair zinc level was p=0.001. Cookies with the addition of red beans are able to increase blood serum calcium and hair zinc levels in stunted toddlers.

Abstract : Creating a Healthy School environment requires the involvement and participation of practically everyone in the school-Students administrators, Teachers, School Counsellors, School Nurses, nutrition services worker. In addition, as well as custodial and maintenance staff schools depend on the involvement of families and environmental, public health, public safety, public welfare, and other community agencies (Axelrad, 2006). Quantitative design, descriptive study was conducted in Rania City schools. aim of the study to assess the school’s physical environment and determine schools need regarding physical environment in Sulaymaniyah province/ Rania City. For proper collection of data, purposive random sampling was selected for the study include 30 schools in Rania City. A questionnaire was developed, for the purpose of the study, the first part includes demographic characteristics of schools while the second part include school physical environment which consist of 10 domains; the surrounding environment, school building, school area, school fence, school cleanliness, school garden, the school yard, fire extinguisher, classroom, and water cycle. These domains ruled under 36 items. A panel study of 8 experts where involve of different universities to confirm validity; reliability was confirmed through stability test-retest process with r=0.73. Data were analyzed through application both descriptive and inferential statistics find out level of standardization of physical environment among schools. The study revealed that public schools are less qualified. Basic on the study recommended that specific attention can be made to all schools regarding the physical environment in order to maintain safe and risk-free learning environment and the new discovered model can be used as guide for future work.

Abstract : Hemophilia sufferers' life expectancy is lower than that of a healthy person due to severe bleeding, particularly cerebral hemorrhage. The current study set out to describe how these individuals presented clinically in Duhok, Iraq, and to compare their primary problems to those of comparable hemophilic patients around the globe. All enrolled patients had a full history and physical examination, in addition to coagulation investigation including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), immediate and after 2 hours incubation correction study, and factor assay accordingly (An APTT-based assay). The current study included 80 hemophiliac patients, with a median age of 15 years. The most prevalent age group was 11- 20 years. 77.5% of patients (62 patients) have family history and the remaining 22.5% of patients (18 patients) have no prior family history. The main initial clinical presentation included skin and mucous membranes bleeding. No factor VIII concentrate provided for prophylactic therapy and no inhibitor found among the enrolled patients. Most common chronic complication included joint complication (targeted joint) seen in 56 individuals (70%) and predominantly involved the knee, elbow, and ankle joints. Other complication includes viral infection particularly HBV (4/80, 5%) and HCV (8/40, 10%) infection. HIV infection not documented among the enrolled patients. Our hemophilic patients are younger than hemophiliacs worldwide, despite a reduced prevalence of the infectious agent and a complete lack of inhibitors. Prophylactic therapy in particular is required to increase the lifespan of these hemophilic people in the area.