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Abstract : Childhood epilepsy seems to be the most prevalent and long-lasting neurological disorder in children and it is associated with serious psychosocial issues, particularly when seizures occur at school, loss of school hours and possible effect of seizure itself on cognitive function. The aims of this study are to examine the effect of the Psycho-educational program on teachers’ beliefs and attitudes toward epilepsy in children. A quasi-experimental, descriptive study “self-controlled design” has been carried out at primary schools for teachers in Kirkuk City from the period 24th October 2020 to 30th May 2022. A non-probability “Purposive-Convenience sample” had been consisted of (80) primary schools teachers, (40) teachers for study group and (40) teachers for control group. Throughout the application of pre-test for both groups and post-test approach (post 1, and post- 2) and implementation of psycho-educational program only on (study group). The program and instruments are constructed and developed by the researcher to measure the purpose of the study. The majority of the studied group according to age group is between (40-49 years), most of studied sample was female, graduation from teachers preparing institution, most of studied subjects were married, having more than 16 years of experience as a school teacher, and most of studied subjects were from urban residency. All of them hadn't any participated previously in a training course about epilepsy. According to the study's findings, the most of primary school teachers hold negative attitudes and beliefs before implementation of the psycho-educational program; and significant improvements as a result of major changes in beliefs and attitudes levels after application of a psycho-educational program; with regard to post-test period, there was no significant relationship between teachers' beliefs and attitudes toward children with epilepsy and socio-demographic characteristics were chosen. The study recommends that psycho-educational program should be design on beliefs and attitudes for all teachers in governmental and non – governmental schools in Kirkuk governorate regarding epilepsy in children.

Abstract : A peri-expiremental study was carried out at Alkarkh General Hospital in Baghdad city to assess the level of melatonin after application of topical tretinoin for the management of skin wrinkles, age spots and dyschromia for women from December 2020 to September 2021. Aimed to assess and correlate the level of melatonin as an antioxidant agent and its role in reduction of skin wrinkles after topical application of tretinoin. Forty five women their ages were ranged from (35-55 years) involved in this study. Patients were assessed for melatonin level by collecting blood samples before and after treatment. Results showed that serum melatonin increased after applied topical tretinoin twice daily for three months. Application of topical tretinoin for aged facial skin for a limited time period can significantly reduce skin wrinkles by increasing serum melatonin levels as an antioxidant agent.

Abstract : Health workers' stigma and discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients affect the quality of services in hospitals. Preliminary studies show that HIV/AIDS patients in hospitals experience stigma and discrimination. This study aimed to describe the causes and processes of stigma and discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients by health workers in hospitals. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by conducting semi-structured interviews with ten informants from health workers who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The interview was conducted in December 2020. It worked on elements of hospital management, doctors, medics, and admins from units that provide services for PLWHA starting from the counter, outpatient, inpatient, ER, MNE, OK, and CST Poli. The study's results illustrate that the cause of stigma and discrimination in services to patients with HIV/AIDS is due to inappropriate stereotypes, inaccurate understanding, and lack of policies from hospital management. The process or form of stigma that occurs in hospitals is as follows: Excessive use of protective measures, refusal to take medical action, non-standard services, refusal to touch in care, isolation, physical restrictions, termination of services, and verbal harassment. It is recommended that comprehensive efforts be made by hospitals to eliminate existing stigma and discrimination.

Abstract : Modification of heat cured acrylic resin to gain improved properties. The lines comprise modification of structure to prepare copolymers and testing the degree of bond conversion. The specimens were made of acrylic resin (heat cured) and three liquid additives: Acryester B, Ethoxycarbonylethylene, and Propenoic acid using two percentages for each additive (5% and 10%). The degree of conversion was inspected and related. The one way analysis of variance test display statistically significant difference among the tested groups and the P- value was (0.000). The highest value of degree of conversion found in the group of 10% Propenoic acid which is (96.625), while the lowest value found in the group of 5% Ethoxycarbonylethylene which is (86.34). Acryester B and Propenoic acid enhance the degree of conversion. Ethoxycarbonylethylene does not affect the degree of conversion. Increasing Acryester B concentration improve the degree of conversion. The effect of Propenoic acid is more than that of Acryester B.

Abstract : Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer related death in western countries after lung cancer in men and breast cancer in women, acts a major health problem in Iraq. To study the role of serum serotonin hormone levels as inflammatory marker in colon cancer patients at Cancer Centre of Al-Sadr General Teaching Hospital in Al-Najaf Governorate. Retrospective study was conducted in a single center, Al-Sadr general teaching hospital during the period from January to April 2022. A sample size of 83 of Colorectal Carcinoma patient included their results compared with 37 healthy persons (the total 120). Data analyzed by Mean, SD with p-value (0.05) using SPSS program. The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was determined with for each status. Data analysis revealed that there is a general increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer across the years from total sample across the years, the predominant site of the tumor is colon, the frequency of CRC was higher among patients >45 years. Serotonin gives positive effects according to disease main groups in some colon cancer cases. also serotonin gives positive effects on colon cancer cases at in 8x8 follow-up study at many times. Serotonin challenge gives positive effects in study subjects (patients & control) of both sexes with its related mean± SD & p-values for each case. Serotonin challenge of 8x8 follow-up study also gives positive effects in disease main groups in many colon cancer cases. Further studies are required to explain the detailed mechanism of serotonin's effect on colon cancer.