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Abstract : Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a comprehensive disease known as acute myocardial ischemia resulting from coronary artery plaque disruption followed by thrombosis-induced severe coronary artery stenosis and occlusions, resulting in unstable anginas (UAs), acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) or sudden cardiac deaths. The instant study was designed to detect the level of serum markers in acute coronary syndrome with COVID-19 infection patients in Baghdad city. In the current cross-sectional study, one hundred and fifty samples were enrolled, the current study was divided into three groups 50 patients with ACS and 50 ACS with COVID-19 infection patients, while 50 samples as healthy controls, with gender and age matched individuals were included in the current study. Levels of serum IL-35 & myoglobin have been determined by ELISA technique also serum troponin was measured by qualitative method. The mean ±SD of age and gender in (ACS and ACS with COVID-19 infected) patients was no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, serum levels of myoglobin, and cardiac-specific troponin I (cTnI) were significantly higher while IL-35 was significantly decreased, in (ACS and ACS with COVID-19 infected) patients when compared to healthy controls (P≤0.01). Also, significant variation according to (ACS and ACS with COVID-19 infected) patients at (p≤0.01). The study showed lower serum IL- 35 with high cardiac enzyme levels in ACS and ACS with COVID-19 infected patients. Therefore, The results suggest that serum IL-35 level is a potential new prognostic biomarker in ACS patients with COVID-19 infection.

Abstract : Our aim in this study was to evaluate the efficiency of combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT), in the detection of the primary tumor origin in patients with metastatic osseous lesions of cancer of unknown primary origin (CUP). PET/CT was performed for 50 patients with CUP. These patients presented with metastatic osseous lesions that were pathologically proven, radiologically, and/or clinically suspected osseous metastatic lesions with no detected primary site. The number of patients with true positive primary tumor sites was 42 (84 %), with no false positive results, 5 patients with true negative results (10%) and 3 patients with false negative results (6 %). The sensitivity was 93.3 %, specificity was 100 %. Our positive predictive value in this study was 100 % and our negative predictive value for this study was 62.5 %. This study showed an advantage of PET/CT in the detection of the site of the primary tumor in patients diagnosed with CUP.

Abstract : Multidrug resistance is an escalating worldwide public health problem that threatens millions of people every year. Multidrug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli is a major cause of urinary tract infections which has contributed to the rising concern of selecting effective antibiotics against UTIs. This study was aimed at detection of AcrA-AcrB-TolC Efflux Pump Genes in locally isolated E.coli and investigating the presence of mutation in efflux pump repressor AcrR gene. Urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection attending Baghdad Medical Hospital during the period from November 2021 to January 2022. Out of those samples, 100 showed the growth of uropathogenic E.coli. Molecular detection of AcrAB-TolC genes by polymerase chain reaction showed that both MDR and antibiotic-susceptible E. coli isolates possessed the chromosomal AcrAB-TolC. Mutation in the repressor AcrR was investigated by ARMS PCR and the results showed that mutation was found only in multidrug resistant uropathogenic E.coli suggesting that the mutation in the repressor AcrR gene may contributes to antibiotic resistance in UPEC.

Abstract : Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. It is a leading public health problem in the modern world as it causes a cluster of behavioural, cognitive and physiological phenomena in terms of human suffering, economic loss and also poses a great threat to the social fabric of the society. This study aims to assess the pattern and magnitude of substance abuse and its socio demographic correlates among male college students. The present facility based cross sectional study was carried out from March 2022 to May 2022 in a government junior college in urban health centre area of Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences. The prevalence of substance abuse was found to be 40% among the participants. The association between substance abuse versus age and social class was found to be statistically significant. The most common substance being abused was tobacco smoking (77.78%) followed by smokeless tobacco (42.60%), ganja (3.70%), alcohol (1.85%) and inhalants (1.85%). The major reason for initiating substance abuse was peer pressure (31.48%). The prevalence of substance abuse is considerably high among the college students which can lead to morbidity and mortality which in turn may affect their future. Hence it is necessary to identify the magnitude of this problem and make specific targeted interventions.

Abstract : Determine the quality assurance of maternal and child care services at Al-Tale'a Primary Health Care Center in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, and identify the demographic characteristics of the study sample. A descriptive study was conducted for the period from 1/6/2021 to 3/9/2021 for a simple random sample of (50) respondents selected through the use of probable sampling methods. This sample included providers of maternal and child care services. Data were collected using the Quality Assurance Tool approved by the Iraqi Ministry of Health. The data were collected through the use of questionnaire and interview techniques as a means of collecting data and records kept in all available references that facilitate access to information related to the study sample. The interviews were conducted with the employees of Al-Tali'ah primary health care centers, each interview lasted from (5-10) minutes. The data collection process began from July 1 to August 1, 2021. The data was analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical analysis procedures. The results of the study found that the rate of individuals included in the service for each primary health care center, the lack of medical staff and medical and administrative assistants in addition to the poor distribution of nursing staff and medical and administrative assistants, weak infrastructure of health centers, mother and child care services, including family planning services and health education services at a critical level. The study recommended increasing the number of primary health care center according to the number of beneficiaries in the geographical area, cooperation and coordination between the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Higher Education and educational institutions to develop an organized plan to provide primary health care center with their needs from the manpower, providing the centers with scientific manuals about the standards of operations management and job description in All fields of services provided.