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Abstract : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global source of morbidity and death, and is a major challenge for public health. Foot issues are a typical DM consequence that are a growing public health issue and a major contributor to hospitalisation, amputation, and death in diabetes patient.

Abstract : The critical care unit is consider one of the most important area in the hospitals, since it receives patients with severe and complicated conditions. In these units, attentive and consistent supply of caring behaviors is essential. Continuous monitoring and caring, good communication with patients and their families, supporting and encouraging patients' engagement in treatment decision-making are all vital roles for critical care unit nurses to perform (Zare, et. al., 2020). To evaluation the impact of communication educational sessions on the intensive care nurses knowledge. A quantitative quasi-experimental design study to achieve the study objectives which directed to evaluate the impact of Communication Educational Program on the Intensive Care Unit Nurses Knowledge started from 9 January to 20 June 2022. The research conduct at the intensive care units at Al- Hilla Teaching Hospital and Imam Al- Sadeq teaching hospital. Purposive non- probability sample methods select which consisted of (63) nurses divided as (30) nurses for interventional group, and (33) nurses for control group specific questionnaire prepared to collect the data. Most of participants 16(48.5%) and 19(63.3%) in both group (control and interventional) were between age group(24-26) years, 18(54.5%), 19(63.3%) were male, most of them bachelor holder 22(66.7%) and 18(60.0%), when most of the demographical characteristics matched among the study group it mean the equivalence of the group. the pretest of both study group recorded unsatisfied level of knowledge related to basic communication principles with the unconscious patients as (1.49 ± 0.206), (1.49 ± 0.175). During the post test the control group shows the same poor level clearly, while the nurses who attend the educational program session recorded significant improvement in their two posttest as(1.79± 0.158) and (1.71± 0.176). Most of the control group member have (2-5) years of experience in the critical care unit, where in the interventional group members were within one year. Most of the participant in the both group recorded unsatisfied level of knowledge in pretest regarding to all communication domains. While significant differences found among interventional group members through the first and second post- test, the content of the education program act as a positive factor to improve the knowledge.

Abstract : Communication serves as the foundation for the connection between a nurse and patient and is a crucial component of trust and comfort. Nurses working in the critical care units (CCU) face especial challenges when communicate with unconscious ill, mechanically ventilated or sedated patients. Communication between these patients and nurses needs specific skill of commitment, and knowledge. To evaluate the intensive care unit nurses knowledge related to educational program constricted for communication with patients undergoing mechanical ventilation as a nursing competence. A quantitative study quasi-experimental design was used with the application of pre, and posttest to achieve the study objectives which directed to evaluate the Effectiveness of Patient Communication Skills for Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation Educational Program on the Intensive Care Unit Nurses Knowledge started from 9 January to 27 May 2022. The study conduct at the intensive care units at Al- Hilla Teaching Hospital (Al- Hilla teaching hospital and Imam Al- Sadeq teaching hospital). Purposive non- probability sample methods used to select the sample of the study to achieve the study objectives. The study sample consisted of (63) nurses divided as (30) nurses for interventional group, and (33) nurses for control group specific questionnaire prepared to collect the data by interview method. Most of participants 16(48.5%) and 19(63.3%) in both group (control and interventional) were between age group(24-26) years, 18(54.5%), 19(63.3%) were male, most of them were bachelor holder 22(66.7%) and 18(60.0%). Related to their marital status 17(51.5%) in the control group were married, while 17(56.7%)in the interventional group were single, when most of the demographical characteristics matched among the study group it mean the equivalence of the group. The pretest of both study group recorded unsatisfied level of knowledge related to communication with patients under artificial ventilation as (1.26 _+ 0.181), (1.30 _+ 0.197). During the posttest the control group shows the same poor level clearly, while the nurses who attend the educational program session recorded significant improvement in their two posttest as(1.76_+0.206) and (1.74_+ 0.216). This indicated the effectiveness of the content which presented in the educational program related to this issue. Significant improvement appear clearly among the interventional group member through the result of their pre and posttest, which explain the effectiveness of the educational program session content on the nurses knowledge. Training the nurses who work in intensive care unit about the communication with patient under mechanical ventilation.

Abstract : Intensive care unit nursing is an occupation that involves specialized knowledge and abilities applicable to a range working in the intensive care units which may effected by nurses perception. To assess the impact of pulmonary care educational program on nurse's perception related to COVID 19 patients. A quasi-experimental design selected as suitable method to evaluate the impact of pulmonary care educational program on nurses perception related to COVID 19 patients during the period of 3ed January 2022 to 26th February-2022. The study conducted at the critical care units which distributed at Al-Hillah Teaching Hospitals. Non-probability (purposive) sample methods selected, the original sample were divided to two groups, the first one is control group consist of (30) nurses, while the remaining number (32) assigned as interventional group member. Most of participants in both groups 15 (48.4%), 15 (50%) were between (24-26) years age group, 19 (61.3%), 15 (50%) were male, 16 (51.6%) were diploma degree in interventional group, while 20 (66.7%) were bachelor degree in the control group, simple significant change is presented in the following two Post-test (3.65 ± 0.423), (3.73 ± 0.564) with agree assessment for interventional group about nurse's perception from coronavirus disease 19. Significant changing related to perception in interventional group between pretest, posttest 1 and posttest 2 with agree assessment. While there is no change in mean of score among control group.

Abstract : Respiratory system plays a crucial role in sustaining important physical functions; thus, the control of the respiratory system is the first aspect in good intensive care unit patient care. Respiratory care consists of preserving the patency of the airways, oxygen treatment, respiratory monitoring, dental care, and care linked to preventing ventilator-associated infections. To evaluate the knowledge of critical care nurses toward educational program focus on oxygen therapy for coronavirus disease 19. A quasi-experimental design selected as suitable method to evaluate of effectiveness educational program toward COVID 19 patient's oxygen therapy on nurse's knowledge during the period of 3ed January 2022 to 26th February-2022. The study conducted at the critical care units which distributed at Al-Hillah Teaching Hospitals. Non-probability (purposive) sample selected, the original sample were divided to two groups, the first one is control group consist of (30) nurses, while the remining number (32) assigned as interventional group member. Proper questionnaire prepared for data collection. Most of participants in both groups 15 (48.4%), 15 (50%) were between (24-26) years age group, 19 (61.3%), 15 (50%) were male, 16 (51.6%) were diploma degree holder in interventional group, while 20 (66.7%) were bachelor degree in the control group, significant improvement in nurse's knowledge regarding oxygen supplement after their attendance to the educational program session, while the results shows no significant change for control group is presented in the following two post-test. Significant differences of interventional group between their pretest and two posttest recording for the nursing knowledge regarding oxygen therapy for coronavirus disease 19 patients, while no significant differences recorded among control group members.