Search Results

Abstract : Theoretically, a single HD session could improve lung function by improving uremia and metabolic acidosis, and eliminate pulmonary edema by removing fluid by ultrafiltration. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in lung function after a course of HD treatment in patients with ESRD, using spirometry. Fifty seven ESRD patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis were studied. Pulmonary function test by spirometric test were performed before and after one single session hemodialysis. The average age of all patients was 47.08 ± 14.1 years (range: 19-77 years). Of the 57 patients, 32 (56.1%) were men and 25 (43.9%) were women. There were 18 (31.6%) patients who had a history of smoking and 39 (68.4%) patients who did not have a history of smoking. The average FVC for all patients was 34.76 ± 19.55 predicted, where this figure increased to 36.81 ± 17.92 predicted after HD, but this increase was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average FEV1 for all patients was 38.52 ± 20.90 predicted, where this figure increased to 40.69 ± 18.81% predicted after HD, but this increase was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average FEF25 for all patients was 65.10 ± 44.58% predicted and 1.17 ± 0.82, where this figure increased to 78.19 ± 39.94 predicted and 1.24 ± 0.78 after HD, but this increase was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In patients with ESRD who are on chronis hemodialysis, hemodialysis may improve lung function parameters on spirometry. Larger studies are needed to better understand the plausible impact of hemodialysis on spirometric parameters.

Abstract : The study focuses on the production of squalene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cosmetic or medical applications. Monitoring the growth kinetics of the yeast highlighted its metabolism under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The sugar-rich culture, along with the extraction techniques, demonstrated their efficiency following squalene analysis using HPLC and FT-IR. The antioxydante and antibacterial activities were tested.

Abstract : Indonesia's tuberculosis treatment success rate currently stands at 86.5%. Medication adherence is an important key to achieving treatment success. This literature review aims to provide an overview of factors contributing to medication adherence. Articles were obtained from the Scopus database, and a manual review was conducted using Google Scholar for accredited national journals in Indonesia in 2018-2023. A literature review was conducted on quantitative studies to identify factors associated with tuberculosis treatment adherence. The keywords used for the search were "determinants" AND "adherence" OR "compliance" OR "treatment dropout" OR "lost to follow-up" and tuberculosis OR TB OR TBC. A total of 25 articles were obtained for the literature review of treatment adherence factors extracted and synthesized into the five World Health Organization adherence dimensions. The main dimension contributing to TB treatment adherence in Indonesia was socio-economic. Other factors associated with treatment adherence were distance to health facilities, transportation costs, residence location, and residence distance. Successful treatment of this disease is a complex and multi-dimensional problem with many factors involved. It requires integrated treatment from health services, access to health facilities, socioeconomic support, and family and neighborhood support to achieve successful treatment outcomes.

Abstract : Assessing dietary practices is valuable in public health research. Long-term habitual food intake is often the study of interest, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is considered as the most appropriate method in this case. This study aimed to develop and assess the construct validity and reliability of a semi-quantitative FFQ. A total of 50 adults participated in the development of the FFQ, with 30 participants took part in the validity and reliability study. The FFQ consisting of 137 food items from 13 food groups was compared with a two-day dietary record (2DR) as the reference method. The reliability of the FFQ was assessed by repeated administration of the questionnaire (FFQ2). Validation study demonstrated fair acceptance of the FFQ. Mean intake of energy in FFQ and 2DR correlated well, with the mean intake of energy, carbohydrates and protein tend to be higher in FFQ. Bland Altman plot and linear regression model demonstrated fairly good agreement for both energy and fat intake between FFQ and 2DR. Reliability of the FFQ assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) showed excellent reliability (ICC=0.982, 95% CI=0.963-0.992), with strong correlation of mean food frequency intake between FFQ1 and FFQ2, and a higher mean of intake frequency in FFQ1. Cronbach’s alpha demonstrated excellent internal consistency of the 170 items with α=.945. The FFQ has an excellent reliability and acceptable validity for measuring the average intake of energy and macronutrients among adults in Sabah.

Abstract : Dental implants are commonly used treatment options for prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth, but slow bone healing around implants may lead to early primary and secondary implant failure. The unique properties of nanoparticles chitosan, a natural bioactive material, can be used as a coating for implant fixation and integration at the bone-biomaterial interface. This study aims to highlight nanoparticles chitosan and its performance as an adjuvant in post-implant bone healing. The study sample included 20 implants from 4 patients (2 males and 2 females). Radiographic bone density was measured around the implants on the upper and lower jaws, and the sample was divided into two equal groups. The first had nanometric chitosan applied, and the second did not. A CBCT radiograph was performed 3 months after dental implantation in order to study the radiographic bone density in the two areas. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the density around the implant with and without nanometric chitosan in favor of chitosan.