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Abstract : The collection of research studies from various countries highlights the prevalence and reasons for herbal medicine use among pregnant women. The studies show that herbal medicine usage during pregnancy ranges from 20% to 73.1%, with common herbs including peppermint, ginger, thyme, and chamomile. Family and friends’ advice, as well as self-information and physician advice, influence the decision to use herbal medicines. The most common reasons for use are nausea, vomiting, and stimulating labor. Caution is advised regarding certain herbs and their use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It is descriptive, quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional study. It was conducted at primary health care clinics in Qassim region over a period of 3 months starting from 1st October 2022 to 31th December 2022. The questionnaire was collected through qualified and trained data collectors by google drive TM using an online survey creator option. This research study focused on herbal medicine use among pregnant women in the Qassim region included 306 participants. The study found that 39.2% of pregnant women used herbal medicine during pregnancy. Ginger was the most commonly used herbal medicine (58.8%), followed by fenugreek (10.9%). The main reasons for using herbal medicine were to treat nausea/vomiting (57.1%), improve the pregnancy course (16.8%), and facilitate labor (18.5%). The majority of participants (72.9%) considered herbal medicine safe during pregnancy. Parents (76.5%) were the primary source of information on herbal medicine use. There were no statistically significant differences based on age, marital status, occupation, trimester, chronic disease, or consulting a doctor. This study sheds light on the prevalence and reasons for herbal medicine use among pregnant women in the Qassim region. The findings reveal that a significant proportion of pregnant women (39.2%) utilize herbal medicine during pregnancy, with ginger being the most commonly used herb. Nausea/vomiting relief, improvement of the pregnancy course, and labor facilitation were identified as the main reasons for herbal medicine usage. Despite the relatively high usage, the majority of participants considered herbal medicine safe. These results highlight the need for healthcare providers to be aware of herbal medicine use among pregnant women and provide appropriate guidance and education regarding safety and potential risks.

Abstract : This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HCWs regarding HBV infection and prevention in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, the study aimed to identify factors associated with participants' knowledge. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Qassim region. The questionnaire comprised four domains: sociodemographic data, knowledge about HBV, attitudes about HBV, and practices regarding HBV. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and generalized linear regression analysis. A total of 358 HCWs participated in the study. The majority were male (70.10%), Saudi nationals (86.90%), and physicians (75.70%). The median knowledge score was 80.0%. Knowledge scores differed significantly based on various factors, including age, gender, nationality, occupation, years of experience, and history of hepatitis. Regression analysis showed that the following groups had independently lower knowledge scores: participants with a diploma degree (beta = -11.0, 95%CI, -19.2 to -2.86, p = 0.009), those who were working in a private institution (beta = -7.95, 95%CI, -13.3 to -2.6, p = 0.004), those with an experience of > 10 years (beta = -9.8, 95%CI, -17.5 to -2.0, p = 0.014) and participants with a history of hepatitis (beta = -20.5, 95%CI, -30.6 to -10.4, p < 0.001), as well as nurses (beta = -24.0, 95%CI, -34.0 to -14.0, p < 0.001), participants in the radiology specialty (beta = -24.0, 95%CI, -34.0 to -14.0, p < 0.001), other specialties (beta = -18.6, 95%CI, -28.9 to -8.26, p < 0.001). Current findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions and policies to improve HCWs' understanding of HBV and enhance patient safety. Strategies based on these evidence-based findings can contribute to reducing HBV infection rates among HCWs and improving healthcare quality in the Qassim region.

Abstract : obesity represents a major health threat associated with several chronic diseases, of which erectile dysfunction (ED) which impairs the physical and physiological health of obese individuals. Several studies documented the improvement of erectile dysfunction induced by bariatric surgery. However, studies focused on laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and its effects on ED were limited. Therefore, we aimed in the current study to investigate the impact of LSG on erectile dysfunction in Syrian morbidly obese men. The current study included 46 morbidly obese men who underwent LSG. All participants completed the Simplified 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) twice, once before the surgery and once a year after the surgery. This questionnaire is an effective way to evaluate erectile dysfunction. Our results showed that LSG induced significant weight and BMI loss one year after the surgery, with a mean %MBIL of 31.9 ± 11.69%. There was an improvement in ED one year after the surgery, reflected by an increase in the IIEF-5 score (p = 0.00049). Furthermore, the severity of ED decreased, with around half of the patients reported mild ED post-operatively compared to about 48% who exhibited mild to moderate ED pre-operatively. In conclusion, LSG is an effective way to enhance of ED and decrease its severity in morbidly obese men. further studies are required to prove our finding and to investigate LSG effect on all aspects of male sexual function.

Abstract : Early childhood education aims to provide stimulation to help the growth and development of children and also understanding of Pancasila values, so it is necessary to develop an integrative thematic learning model of Pancasila values and in accordance through this research, an analysis was carried out using a descriptive quantitative method of model requirements so that the model design can be developed according to the needs of teachers and students. Research data were collected through interviews and distribution of questionnaires to teachers regarding teacher understanding, planning, implementation, and evaluation in thematic learning that integrates Pancasila values in it, then the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the needs analysis show that: (1) the teacher's understanding in stimulating children's Pancasila values is still unideal due to the average figures are still relatively moderate, (2) thematic integrative learning model planning for children's Pancasila values is also still relatively low, (3) the implementation of the thematic integrative learning model for children's Pancasila values is not optimal because it is still relatively low, and (4) the evaluation of the integrative thematic learning model for children's Pancasila values is still not optimal because it is still classified as in the low category. Consequently, it is concluded that teachers need to develop an integrative thematic learning model of Pancasila values to stimulate the formation of Pancasila values in kindergarten, as well as to adapt to the development of the implementation of early childhood education learning in the city of Makassar, especially in schools or driving kindergarten.

Abstract : Prostate cancer (PCA) is one of the leading causes of death among males in the developed world. One strategy to decrease the risk of this cancer would be through a screening program with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay. To assess the impact of a screening program on PCA in the Sulaimaniyah province, Iraq, and its relationship to some sociodemographic data of the participants. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 participants through an online validated questionnaire or direct interview from February 01 to November 30, 2022. The participants' sociodemographic data (age, level of education, marital status, and occupation) and their knowledge of the prostate cancer screening program were collected. The mean age of participants was 55.5±5.8 years, ranging from 49 to >70 years. Most of them were married (61.8%), government employees (58.7%), belonged to the age group of 60-69 years and graduated from University (28.7%). Additionally, most participants (65.3%) had acceptable knowledge related to the PCA screening program, 24.7% had a good level, and the least (10%) had a poor level. Knowledge of the prostate cancer screening program was significantly correlated to age (p=0.02), occupation and marital status (p<0.01). We concluded that most individuals knew fairly about the PCA screening program. Thus, nurses must play a major role in health education programs among people. Thus, early detection programs, regular screening, and lifestyle maintenance decrease the risk of cancer in the community.