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Abstract : This study aims to compare the degree of damage to ceramic surfaces prepared for bonding ceramic orthodontic brackets using 10% hydrofluoric acid and sandblasting with 50 µm aluminum oxide particles. The research sample consisted of 30 ceramic surfaces (IPS E-Max Zirpress) divided into two groups, which were treated using two methods, sandblasting with 50 µm aluminum oxide particles (SB) and Etching using hydrofluoric acid (HFA) 10%. The Porcelain Fracture Index (PFI) was used to detect any damage on the ceramic surfaces after brackets debonding. The PFI scores showed that all samples etched with hydrofluoric acid scored 0. While 86.7% of sandblasting samples scored 1, and only 13.3% scored 0, with significant differences between the two groups (p-value <0.001). The use of 10% hydrofluoric acid to etch ceramic surfaces showed less damaging results compared to sandblasting with 50 µm aluminum oxide particles.

Abstract : Vital bleaching is the most minimally invasive strategy for tooth color enhancement, The severity of the side effects of bleaching therapies, such as bleaching sensitivity (BS) or gingival irritation (GI), seems to be related to the dose of peroxide used, the aim of ozone treatment is to eliminate the pain of hypersensitivity after teeth bleaching. The study compared hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with and without ozone gas (O3) on teeth whitening sensitivity in a split-mouth design with 200 teeth. The teeth were divided into four groups of 50 teeth each: (1) H2O2 only on left upper jaw; (2) H2O2 and O3 on right upper jaw; (3) H2O2 only on left lower jaw; and (4) H2O2 and O3 on right lower jaw. The dental sensitivity levels of the teeth that had undergone bleaching in the four groups were measured 24 hours after the application of ozone gas. We compared the hypersensitivity of patients in four groups: two control groups and two study groups. The study groups had significantly less hypersensitivity than the control groups in both jaws (P = 0.000). The study groups had 88% of patients with no hypersensitivity and 12% with mild hypersensitivity, while the control groups had only 2-6% of patients with no hypersensitivity and 34-46% with mild hypersensitivity. The control groups also had 46-50% of patients with moderate hypersensitivity and 2-14% with severe hypersensitivity, which were absent in the study groups. In Conclusion the application of ozone after H2O2 reduces tissue irritation and sensitivity, and enhances patients’ compliance.

Abstract : Muscular temporomandibular disorders are a common pain problem that requires treatment because of its symptoms of pain, poor function, and limited mouth opening in a way that affects the individual’s daily activity. Botox is mainly used to treat muscular temporomandibular joint disorders and hyperactivity of the masseter muscles. The aim of the study was to improve the maximum mouth opening in patients with muscular TMD using EMG-guided Botox injection into the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscles. A randomized clinical study was conducted on 18 patients diagnosed with TMJ disorders of muscular origin, who were randomly divided into two equal groups: the first group (A) received bilateral injection of botulinum-A toxin into the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscle, and the second group (B) administered bilateral injection of botulinum-A toxin into the masseter muscle only. mouth opening was measured before, two weeks, six weeks, three months, and six months after treatment. The results showed a significant improvement in mouth opening when botulinum toxin was injected into the masseter and lateral pterygoid muscles during a follow-up period of 6 months.

Abstract : The severity of infection with Covid-19 ranging from asymptomatic infection to a serious infection that requires mechanical ventilation. This discrepancy underscores the need for new biomarkers related to the course and progression of the disease. Our aim in our article was to evaluate the effect of serum uric acid, which is an easily available, low-cost, and reliable marker on the severity of Covid-19, and the possibility of using it as a warning indicator and a useful indicator in the follow-up of patients due to the scarcity of qualitative studies we have in this regard. The data of patientsseverly infected with the emerging corona virus who were admitted to the isolation departments at Al-Mowasat University Hospital in Damascus will be studied and collected from the date of approval of the research in September 2022 until September 2023, including: age, name, gender, smoking, medical history, drug history, vital signs, nasopharyngeal swab to detect the emerging corona virus, and laboratories, and then analyze these results using the SPSS-25 program and writing it in its final form after making the necessary modifications to it, along with the tables and diagrams shown thereto. The study sample consisted of 35 patients, where the average age was 70.2 years with a deviation of +/- 11.9, the percentage of males was 65.7%, the vitals of patients upon admission, the average value of systolic pressure was 133.2 mm Hg +/- 20.4, the diastolic pressure was 79 mm Hg +/- 12.1, Sao2 was79.7% +/- 8.3, heart rate was 92 +/- 26, while respiratory rate was 32 +/- 10, as all swabs conducted for patients were positive. And according to the uric acid analysis, the mean was 1.9 with a deviation of +/- 0.4 for all sample. Moving on to the inferential statistics, we have studied the relationship between the value of uric acid in each of the patients, where the P-value <0.05, and thus the existence of a statistical relationship between the value of uric acid and the critical general condition of the patient. By applying this study to the sample that was chosen, it was found that, it gave a relative picture of the existence of a statistical relationship between the decrease in the value of uric acid and the critical general condition of patients with COVID-19, and therefore the value of uric acid must be taken into consideration as a warning indicator for patients with corona.

Abstract : Anemia is a common condition during pregnancy that is characterized by low levels of hemoglobin, which can have negative effects on both the mother and the baby. Previous studies have shown that iron supplementation can improve hemoglobin levels, but in this study wanted to evaluate the effect on the viability of gut Bifidobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Clostridium sp., and Escherichia coli in anemia pregnant women from Moringa honey. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) involved pregnant anemia (20-28 weeks) women who were given Moringa honey as the intervention group and healthy honey as the control group for eight weeks. Participants consumed honey products during the eight weeks of the intervention period. Hemoglobin was measured before and after the intervention. Stool samples were also collected at both times. DNA was extracted from fecal samples. RT PCR (real time polymerase chain reaction) was performed to determine the changes in gut Bifidobacterium sp., Lactobacillus Sp., Clostridium Sp., and Escherichia coli amount after the intervention. Twenty-nine individuals, including 15 from the intervention group and 14 from the control group, completed the study. However, Bifidobacterium sp., Clostridium sp., and Escherichia coli levels in anemic pregnant women were not substantially increased in the invention group (p=0.223, p=0.074, and p=0.314, respectively. In addition, we observed a larger rise in Lactobacillus sp. in the intervention compared to the control group (p=0.04). Moringa honey affected increasing gut Lactobacillus sp., but not on Bifidobacterium sp., Clostridium sp., and Escherichia coli in anemic pregnant women.