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Abstract : Pregnancy is a significant event in a woman’s life and is associated with psychological and biological changes. Antenatal and postnatal care has traditionally neglects the emotional and psychological health and focuses on the physical health and consequently depression after pregnancy is overlooked and underdiagnosed. The study aims to identify the prevalence and the underlying determinants of Postpartum Depression (PPD) among newly delivered mothers. A cross-sectional study conducted in convenient sample of 52 PHCCs belonging to 13 health directorates (Kirkuk, Salahadin, Diyala, Anbar, Baghdad/ Karkh, Baghdad/ Rusafa, Babel, Karbala, Najaf, Wasit, Diwaniyah, Muthanna and Dhi Qar). The (1608) mothers within the first six weeks after giving birth who attended to PHCCs were included. Basic socio-demographic variables were compiled using a form that was filled through direct interview. PPD was assessed using Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale with cutoff point ≥12. Data was collected during the period from October 1 to November 30 on 2019. The prevalence of PPD was 37.4%. The depressed mothers were significantly associated with; Age of mother and her husband, insufficient income family, neonatal complications, history of infertility, pregnancy complications, unplanned pregnancy, inadequate family care, family discord or domestic violence, history of depression or anxiety symptoms before or during pregnancy, and family history of mental disorders. The determinants of PPD were (inadequate family support, pregnancy complications, neonatal complications, family discord or domestic violence, psychological symptoms before or during the pregnancy and family history of mental disorders). PPD is a common illness and associated with many physical, social and psychological factors, it is not highlighted by society and health service providers, which requires spreading community awareness of the mental health concepts and increases the ability of health services provider to assess the mental health of pregnant mothers and manage mental disorders accompanying them.

Abstract : Rhinoplasty is one of the common cosmetic surgeries in the world and concerns must be given to both functional and aesthetic results. One of the many problem that occur after rhinoplasty is internal nasal valve collapse. To evaluate the effect of spreader graft in septorhinoplasty on both aesthetic and functional results. Prospective, interventional and comparative study conducted on 55 patients, groupⅠ(27patients) underwent septorhinoplasty with spreader graft placement and groupⅡ (28 patients) underwent septorhinoplasty without spreader graft placement. Patients evaluation was done by questionnaire including (ROE score and NOSE scale), clinical examination and photo documentation both pre and post operatively for both aesthetic and functional results. According to NOSE scale (nasal obstruction symptoms evaluation) and clinical examination, there was an improvement in the nasal patency in both groups, the NOSE scale improvement in non spreader graft group was (28) degree but the improvement in spreader graft group was (50) degree. According to ROE score (rhinoplasty outcome evaluation), and photo documentation, patients in the current study were satisfied regarding their nasal appearance but patient satisfaction was better in spreader graft group. Spreader graft can improve nasal patency after septorhinoplasty by prevention of internal nasal valve collapse and improve aesthetic result by maintenance of smooth dorsal aesthetic lines.

Abstract : The rising number of Medical Schools and the increasing demand for cadavers, amid its scarcity, has prompted the search for alternatives in Anatomy Education. This study assessed students’ thought of the use of Anatomage as an Anatomy teaching and learning tool in medical school. A five-point scale questionnaire with a free hand comment section was completed by 50 medical students exposed to the use of Anatomage alongside the traditional cadaveric dissection for 2 academic sessions. Our results findings showed that there were preference pattern variations in the use of the Anatomage for various fields of anatomy such as Gross Anatomy (48%), Histology (46%), and Neuroanatomy (2%) respectively. Furthermore, 66% opined that Anatomage and Cadaveric dissection should be complementary in teaching and learning anatomy. However, been satisfied with Anatomage was 76% (52% completely and 24% generally agreed respectively), while Anatomage increasing their interest in Anatomy was 66% (40% completely agreed and 26% generally agreed) and 74% (40% completely agreed and 34% generally agreed) of learning outcomes been achieved using Anatomage. Also, 68% stated that the micrographs were well displayed for histology teaching. Overall, 60% of the students agreed that Anatomage should be encouraged in teaching and learning Anatomy, along with other teaching aids. Anatomage increased students' interest in Anatomy as its 3D-image display enabled better visualization of relevant anatomical structures. Anatomage has the potential to be a beneficial supplement to standard learning methods in the acquisition of 3D anatomy information.

Abstract : In India TB and NCC are the predominant endemic CNS infections with high mortality and morbidity. The clinical presentation usually overlap with each other and other CNS infections, causing dilemma in diagnosis. The study aims to assess significance of western blot of antibody response to both antigens of MTB and Cysticercus cellulosae. We prospectively evaluated 19 CSF samples showing reactivity by ELISA for both MTSE and Cysticercal antigens. Western blot was utilized for confirmation of the immune response. Out of the 19 CSF samples, 13 were reactive and 6 were non- reactive for MTSE antigens by western blot. Positive samples showed reactivity to one or more region at 14 kDa, 18-25 kDa, 30-40 kDa and 67 kDa. All the 19 samples were non-reactive for Cysticercal antigens by western blot although they showed positivity by ELISA. Four of the patients had past history of tuberculosis and one patient had contact with TB case. HIV infection was present in three patients. Low CD4 count was seen in one patient. The study reveals that ELISA can be used as screening test and western blot would serve as a confirmatory test for both CNS TB and NCC.

Abstract : According to the results of our study, which assessed the diagnostic value of cytokeratin TPA and UBC in the monitoring of bladder cancer found, that ТРА marker had relatively high sensitivity and specificity. However, results of UBC test are more reliable. A combination of this tumor markers may improve the identification of new tumors and lower the requirements for cystoscopy during follow-up. Further studies are warranted to find a more accurate noninvasive test or a complex of tests comparable with cystoscopy for diagnosis of bladder cancer.