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Abstract : Because numerous various germs are discovered on their surface during orthodontic treatment, detachable orthodontic and orthopedic appliances cleaner demands careful hygiene. About 60 samples with dimension (45*10*1.5mm length, with thickness) were used for the color test by spectrophotometer device, and 60 samples with dimension (30*10*3mm length width thickness) were used for the hardness test by shore A hardness device. The orthodontic appliance should be cleaned after each meal time for about half an hour three times per day to stay clean without stain, food accumulation, and to keep consequences of staind appliance away like gingivitis and candidiasis sore throat, So to make the cleaning simulation cycle, we soaked these samples in cleanser solutions for ½ hour three times per day after each cleaning once we put the samples in r.o. water. every day we repeat the cleaning procedure for about two months. For the color test, We measured the absorbance at the beginning of the study, and after two months maximum absorptions of visible light by acrylic resin occurred at the wavelength (345nm).so, for the hardness test we measure it after two months and compare it with the control solutions. The experimental results showed that the Interquartile range at the Preclean color for (hydrogen peroxide 6%) was 0.32 compare to water and tablet (0.11, 0.10) respectively, compare to the Post-clean color (0.28, 0.20), So the results showed the Interquartile range of Hardness about (4.71, 3.95) respectively for two groups (4gm soda+ 4.5 g citric and 2gm soda+ 6.14 g alum), whilst 3.15 for three groups (2gm soda+ 4.5 g citric, 1gm soda + 6.14 g alum and 50%H2O2), When the comparison of (precleaning and post-cleaning color) by using Wilcoxen signed ranks test between all groups, as well as results showed (P-value <0.05) for all groups except water as (P-value >0.05), so results of the current study showed significantly (p<0.05), when Comparing solution post-cleaning color with water and tablet by using of Mann whiteny test.so the tablet versus water there was a change in color and the difference was statically significant (p-value = 0.07 > 0.05). Color: Soda+ citric acid solutions of different conc. Of soda have no diverse effect on the color of acrylic resin. Soda + alum increase color density, H2O2 decrease color density (bleaching effect), In comparison with water and tablet. Hardness: Both of them (Soda +citric, Soda+alum) have no diverse effect on hardness of acrylic resin, H2O2 increase hardness of acrylic resin because leach out of plastisizer. The best cleanser solution that have no effect on the color and hardness of acrylic resin speciment is (soda + citric acid) with different conc.

Abstract : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by blood glucose levels that exceed normal. One alternative treatment is to use herbs that have the potential as hypoglycemic compounds. Sungkai is one of the plants used by the Dayak tribe for generations to treat diabetes. This study aims to determine whether each organ of the Sungkai plant has the potential as a diabetes drug. The parameters measured in this study were antioxidant activity and total phenolics. This study used a completely randomized design with 25 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) as diabetic animal models, which were divided into five treatment groups which included normal rat (K-), DM positive rat K(+), and DM rat + soaking water from Sungkai leaf, DM rat + soaking water from Sungkai stem, and DM rat + soaking water from Sungkai root. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by ANOVA with sequence, normality test, homogeneity, and further test using Duncan's test. The results showed that the antioxidant activity and total phenol of each part of the Sungkai plant were significantly different (p<0.05). The highest antioxidant activity is found in the leaves. Blood glucose levels of DM rats decreased after 30 days of Sungkai treatment. Sungkai plant has different antioxidant activity in each organ, and the Sungkai plant has hypoglycemic potential in overcoming diabetes mellitus.

Abstract : Benign vocal fold lesion cause alteration of lamina propria epithel then lead to dysfonia. Voice therapy is the first line treatment of benign vocal fold lesion. Low compliance affect increasing number of recurrences. Intralesional vocal fold steroid injection could be alternate adjuvant in management of benign vocal fold lesion. To assess efficacy intralesional steroid injection in benign lesion vocal fold patient those after underwent laryngeal microsurgery. Data collected from RSUD Dr. Soetomo medical records. Design of this study is retsospective descriptive analytic. We reviewed 8 medical records patients who underwent laryngeal microsurgery removal of benign vocal fold lesion and acquire intralesional steroid injection for consecutive periode Jan 2017 until Des 2018. Score assessment of VHI-10, GRBAS & fiberoptic laryngoscope reviewed before and after intralesional steroid injection. We obtain 8 medical records of patients those underwent intralesional steroid injection following laryngeal microsurgery. VHI-10 scores show significant alteration after 1 month following intralesional steroid injection (p 0.001) and 6 month (p 0.002). GRBAS scores show significant change after 1 month following intralesional steroid injection (p 0.011) and 6 month (p 0.012). Fiberoptic laryngoscopy evaluation shows 2 patients (25 %) have recurrence after 1 month. Adjuvant therapy of intralesional steroid injection have significant effect in relieving dysphonia symptoms that assessed by VHI-10 and GRBAS score. Further study is required to get better objective measurement as such as MDVP assessment and stroboscopy imaging.

Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the impact of simulation as a teaching tool for the technique of the cervical-uterine smear and the announcement of the results as part of the training of 5th year students of medicine at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir (FMPA). This is a monocentric cross-sectional descriptive study. Seven sessions were held, and each session consisted of a practical workshop and two simulation sessions. Two questionnaires were used to collect the data. They focused on the evaluation of knowledge (pre-test), then the evaluation of the knowledge and skills acquired (post test) of the students. Ninety-two students participated in this training. The results showed that 78% of the learners had an improvement in their level of knowledge (p=.00001) after the session. 95% expressed apprehension before taking a cervical smear compared to 3% at the end of the session (p=0.000). In addition, learners expressed difficulties in communicating with patients, especially in the non-verbal aspect, with a significant improvement (48% at the beginning of the session vs. 16% at the end of the session (p=.00001)). Finally, all learners were willing to attend another simulation training session. This study has shown that simulation training for Pap smear and announcement consultation leads to a significant improvement in the knowledge and skills of the learners. To improve patient care, simulation-based training for Pap smear should be included in the curriculum for students as well as sessions of certified training for practicing physicians.

Abstract : Ulcerative Colitis (UC), is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), recent research and studies showed an association between H. pylori infection and IBD. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and the severity of ulcerative colitis. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Fayhaa Teaching Hospital, Gastrointestinal center, Basrah, the southern part of Iraq from August 2021 to February 2022, on 52 patients with Ulcerative colitis. The included patients were categorized into two main groups according to the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen status. Before the official study conduction, a simple pilot study was conducted on 52 patients. Statistical calculations were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 (SPSS Inc.) and P-values <0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. The current study included 52 patients with a mean age of (31.60± 11.54), and (53.8%) of the studied population were males, the mean duration of the disease was 3.29± 2.64 years. Out of the studied groups, (53.8%) were diagnosed with H. pylori-positive antigen, and (46.2%) with negative antigen. The Truelove and Witt’s Severity Index for Ulcerative Colitis has classified the cases into three main categories (mild, moderate, and severe), the mean age and duration of the disease were slightly higher among the severe group (34.29± 12.40, 3.86± 1.67) followed by the mild group (31.44± 12.29, 3.56± 3.32). Most males developed a moderate category (72.3%), while most females were classified as a severe class (71.4%). Also, it was clearly shown that most of the patients with positive H. pylori Ag were categorized as a severe class (71.4%), and most of the negative H. pylori Ag were categorized as a mild class (48.1%). Moreover, none of the demographical or laboratory data recorded significant values (p-value <0.05). A higher percentage of ulcerative colitis patients have H. pylori-positive test. The severity of the disease increases with age and the severe course of the disease is usually associated with the male gender rather than females.