Search Results

Abstract : Indonesia's tuberculosis treatment success rate currently stands at 86.5%. Medication adherence is an important key to achieving treatment success. This literature review aims to provide an overview of factors contributing to medication adherence. Articles were obtained from the Scopus database, and a manual review was conducted using Google Scholar for accredited national journals in Indonesia in 2018-2023. A literature review was conducted on quantitative studies to identify factors associated with tuberculosis treatment adherence. The keywords used for the search were "determinants" AND "adherence" OR "compliance" OR "treatment dropout" OR "lost to follow-up" and tuberculosis OR TB OR TBC. A total of 25 articles were obtained for the literature review of treatment adherence factors extracted and synthesized into the five World Health Organization adherence dimensions. The main dimension contributing to TB treatment adherence in Indonesia was socio-economic. Other factors associated with treatment adherence were distance to health facilities, transportation costs, residence location, and residence distance. Successful treatment of this disease is a complex and multi-dimensional problem with many factors involved. It requires integrated treatment from health services, access to health facilities, socioeconomic support, and family and neighborhood support to achieve successful treatment outcomes.

Abstract : Assessing dietary practices is valuable in public health research. Long-term habitual food intake is often the study of interest, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is considered as the most appropriate method in this case. This study aimed to develop and assess the construct validity and reliability of a semi-quantitative FFQ. A total of 50 adults participated in the development of the FFQ, with 30 participants took part in the validity and reliability study. The FFQ consisting of 137 food items from 13 food groups was compared with a two-day dietary record (2DR) as the reference method. The reliability of the FFQ was assessed by repeated administration of the questionnaire (FFQ2). Validation study demonstrated fair acceptance of the FFQ. Mean intake of energy in FFQ and 2DR correlated well, with the mean intake of energy, carbohydrates and protein tend to be higher in FFQ. Bland Altman plot and linear regression model demonstrated fairly good agreement for both energy and fat intake between FFQ and 2DR. Reliability of the FFQ assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) showed excellent reliability (ICC=0.982, 95% CI=0.963-0.992), with strong correlation of mean food frequency intake between FFQ1 and FFQ2, and a higher mean of intake frequency in FFQ1. Cronbach’s alpha demonstrated excellent internal consistency of the 170 items with α=.945. The FFQ has an excellent reliability and acceptable validity for measuring the average intake of energy and macronutrients among adults in Sabah.

Abstract : In most CML patients, the break in chromosome 22 is restricted to an area of 5.8-kb termed M-bcr. M-bcr consists of five exons termed M-bcr exons b1-b5. These exons are actually located within the central region of the BCR gene and are equivalent to exons 12-16 (e12- e16) of this gene. Most breaks occur immediately downstream of exon 2 or 3 of the M-bcr region and result in b2a2 or b3a2 fusion transcripts. To study the Frequencies of BCR-ABL1 Fusion Transcripts among Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients. PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. The frequency of various BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts was as follows: e19a2, e1a2, e1a2 + e13a3, e1a2 + e14a3, e13a3 and e14a3. CML patients with e1a2 transcripts had higher rates of disease progression, resistance, or suboptimal response to imatinib and failed to achieve major molecular response. There is also higher frequency b3a2 than b2a2 and e1a2 transcripts in CML patients in Northeast Iran. There is frequent BCR-ABL1 transcripts among the studied population of all the mentioned studies and there is a significant relationship between gender and frequency of various BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts.

Abstract : The Fuzzy Delphi method has been widely used in numerous research disciplines to systematically collect expert input on a specific topic. It has also in recent years gained popularity in health-related research. This study aimed to apply Fuzzy Delphi Method in identifying elements for designing and developing an online immunization information system. Methodically, a list of items was collected from the literature review consists of elements and functions necessary in developing an immunization information system. A total number of 30 items were selected and categorized accordingly. The questionnaire was later sent to a group of experts in their respective fields with expertise in public health and immunization information systems. This study then employs the usage of Fuzzy Delphi Method in which was using Triangular Fuzzy Numbers and Defuzzification process in further data analysis. In the checklist evaluation, twelve experts were involved in evaluating 30 items. A 100% response rate was obtained from all the twelve experts. Post Fuzzy Delphi Method analysis, nine items (30%) did not fulfil all prerequisite during the analysis, therefore those items were discarded from the final draft. Application of Fuzzy Delphi Method are useful in obtaining expert opinion and consensus to decide on the item’s suitability to be included in the immunization records database. These accepted items can be further used in developing an online immunization information system.

Abstract : The main problem that often occurs after tooth extraction is bone damage. The alveolar bone will resorb by 40% to 60% after tooth extraction, making it difficult to rehabilitate dentures. Golden sea cucumber is rich in growth factors that have the potential to repair damaged cells after tooth extraction. The protein content of golden sea cucumber reaches up to 82%. This protein content is very important to function for bone remodeling so that alveolar bone preservation can be maintained. This study aims to analyze the content of collagen, chondroitin sulfate, and glucosamine content in golden sea cucumbers. The type of research used is an experimental laboratory by extracting sea cucumber and calculating yield results to obtain the percentage of collagen content and conducting analysis using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system to obtain levels of chondroitin sulfate content and spectrophotometry to obtain glucosamine content levels. The content of collagen in Stichopus hermanii is 0.159%. The chondroitin sulfate content of 91.91 (mg/g) or equal to 9,191%, and the rate of glucosamine content in gold braids is 186 (mg/g) or 0.186%. Golden sea cucumber originating from the Selayar islands contains collagen, chondroitin sulfate, and glucosamine which can be used as preservation material for alveolar bones.