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Abstract : Bisphenol A (BPA) is a phenolic organic compound commonly used in manufacturing plastics. A relationship between BPA and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been discussed. To assess the role of BPA. A prospective case-control study was conducted on 60 children. Children were divided into two equal groups. Group (I) children diagnosed with ADHD. Group and Group (II) healthy control children. Full history, examination, the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale were applied for each child. One spot urine sample was collected from each participant and tested by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for BPA concentrations. Significant differences between the control group and case group regarding the type of feeding and food/water storage in plastics and also learning disabilities were detected. All case group participants had significantly higher urinary BPA concentrations than the control group. Food/water storage in plastics was a significant predictor of increasing urinary BPA There was a statistically significant positive correlation between urinary. BPA exposure can markedly affect the appearance of ADHD symptoms in children.

Abstract : Liver cancer is a major global health concern and most common histology is Hepatocellular Cell Carcinoma (HCC), accounting for 80% of cases. This tumor originates from hepatocytes and has increased due to risk factors like HBV, HCV and NASH. The prognosis of HCC is poor worldwide, influenced by the stage of diagnosis and the lack of curative therapies. This study was an analytic observational observational study conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar from December 2022 to August 2024. The population included patients with a diagnosis of HCC, complete medical record data and age over 18. Data extraction included etiology, cirrhosis, CTP, AFP, tumor size, thrombus, number of nodules, BCLC, therapy, gender, age, and life expectancy. Statistical test results were significant if the test p value <0.05. The study involved 95 patients with HCC, with an average age of 55.0±10.6 years. Hepatitis B was the most common cause 80 (84.2%). The study analyzed the association between characteristics hepatocellular carcinoma patients with 6-month survival. The AFP levels and Combination therapy were the most significant factors associated with 6-month survival. Patients with AFP levels <200 ng/mL at diagnosis had 1.9 times (OR=1.9; 95% CI= 1.01-3.60) and who received combination therapy had 6.3 times (OR= 6.3; 95% CI= 2.25-17.78) greater odds of 6-month survival. The study found that type of therapy and AFP value were the most significant factors, with AFP value <200 ng/mL and combination therapy being the most significant factor.

Abstract : Spontaneous septic arthritis is a severe condition associated with the risk of joint destruction and systemic complications, with medical management frequently employed as the initial treatment approach. However, the necessity and timing of hyperacute surgical intervention remain subjects of debate. This meta-analysis systematically evaluated the comparative effectiveness of medical management versus surgical intervention for spontaneous septic arthritis. A comprehensive search of Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted from four comparative studies encompassing 273 participants, assessing complete recovery as the primary outcome, along with mortality and hospital length of stay as secondary outcomes. The findings indicate that patients managed medically had a 77% greater likelihood of achieving complete recovery compared to those undergoing surgical intervention (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.08). While medical management was associated with a shorter hospital stay, this result did not reach statistical significance (MD -1.62 days, 95% CI -4.52 to 1.27). Mortality rates were comparable between the two treatment strategies (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.44 to 3.07). These results suggest that medical management may offer superior recovery outcomes for patients with spontaneous septic arthritis without significant differences in mortality or hospital stay compared to hyperacute surgical intervention.

Abstract : Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. The long-term natural history of HCV infection is highly variable. Hepatic injury can range from minimal histological changes to extensive fibrosis and cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. There are approximately seventy-one million chronically infected individuals worldwide. The aim of this study is to analysis of the contribution of genetic (single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position 3116996 of HLA on increase risk of progression of liver fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Egyptian Patients. Eighty-five cases included in our study divided into three groups: Group 1; included twenty cirrhotic patients with HCV, group 2; included twenty non-cirrhotic patients with HCV, group 3 included forty-five control normal persons having no HCV with age group range from (18-60). All patients had negative serology for HIV and HBV with normal BM1 and no metabolic liver disease or alcohol consumption. HLA-DPB1 (SNPrs3116996) genotype and their alleles frequencies were found to be statistically different between HCV groups and control. HLADPB1 SNPrs3116996 polymorphisms increase the risk of cirrhosis. In HCV patients, HLA-DPB1 gene rs3116996 AG genotype increase risk of Cirrhosis risk. HLA DPB rs3116996 TA affects liver fibrosis severity.

Abstract : This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of aromatherapy using essential oils in the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD). PPD is a common and debilitating condition that affects many women following childbirth, making the identification of effective treatments crucial. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, including studies published in English from MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Six RCTs, involving 694 participants, were included, examining various essential oils, such as lavender, rose otto, bergamot, and sweet orange, compared to placebo. Depression severity was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The results indicated a significant reduction in depression symptoms in the aromatherapy group compared to the placebo group (Mean Difference: -2.59, 95% CI -3.70 to -1.48, p=0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that all essential oils—lavender, bergamot, sweet orange, and the combination of rose otto and lavender—effectively reduced depressive symptoms, with the rose otto and lavender combination showing the greatest effect (Mean Difference: -4.77, 95% CI -7.99 to -1.55). The heterogeneity between studies was low (I² < 75%). These findings suggest that aromatherapy using essential oils can be a valuable intervention in reducing postpartum depression symptoms. The combination of rose otto and lavender oil appears particularly effective, offering the potential for future therapeutic use in managing PPD.