Search Results

Abstract : Sacrum is a wedged shaped bone forming the caudal end of the vertebral column, formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebras. The opening present at the caudal end of sacral canal is known as sacral Hiatus. Epidural anesthesia is a special type of anesthesia, administered in sacral Hiatus. Anatomical landmarks and the knowledge of the actual shape and size of sacral hiatus and its variations play a major role in the success of caudal anesthesia. The purpose of present study is to find out the morphological and morphometrical characteristic of sacral hiatus in male and female sacrum. The present study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, LN. MEDICAL COLLEGE & REASERCH CENTER, This study consists of 70 dry, undamaged human sacrum of unknown age, sex. Anatomical measurements were taken by using verniercalipers. In present study, it was observed that 31 (44.2%) sacrums were belongs to male and 39 (55.8%) were belongs to female. The most common shape was Inverted V (54.3%). Mean length of sacral hiatus was 15.2 ± 8.07mm, where females higher (15.8 ± 9.0 mm) compare to males (14.4 ± 6.6mm). Antero posterior diameter at apex was 6.59 ± 1.89mm where in males (6.7 ± 2.1mm) high compare to female (6.4± 1.7mm) and at base, it was 13.5 ± 3.2mm., where in females (14.0 ± 3.2mm) high compare to males (12.9 ± 3.1mm). But these associations were not statistically significant. (P>0.05) In present study did not found any variations in the shape of the sacral hiatus. The parameters of sacral hiatus like length, transverse diameter and A -P diameter of sacral hiatus also not shown any significance.

Abstract : This study aims to investigate the effect of cholecystectomy on some biochemical parameters of women in Mosul city using serum samples. The women were divided into four groups: the first group, women who had their Cholecystectomy in premenopausal stage while the second group, women who had their Cholecystectomy in the postmenopausal stage. Third and fourth groups were healthy premenopausal and postmenopausal women respectively. Each group included 30 women. By using different techniques, lipid profile levels, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein were analyzed. The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in lipid levels of patients groups compared to control groups. Also, the activities of gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly(P<0.05) after cholecystectomy compared to control groups. As for the levels of total bilirubin, it was very similar (P>0.05) between patients and control groups. After cholecystectomy, the results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in C-reactive protein level compared to control groups. It was concluded from this study, that food and life styles as well as that overweighr may consider as risk factors lead to increment of liver enzymes activities and C-reactive protein level after cholecystectomy in patients women.

Abstract : Helicobacter pylori infection has various clinical manifestations including peptic ulcer. However, over 80% of H. pylori colonization in the stomach is asymptomatic. The increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate is one of the markers of infection and can be an indicator of H.pylori infection in children. To investigate the association between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H.pylori gastritis in children. This study is an analytic observational cross-sectional design in pediatric patients who experience recurrent abdominal pain in outpatient and inpatient gastroenterology units at the Universitas Sumatera Utara hospital and network hospitals from October 2020 – January 2021. Children with cognitive impairment, history of malignancy, autoimmune disease, pulmonary infection, and dehydration were excluded from the study. All subjects underwent endoscopy, campylobacter-like organism (CLO), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate for diagnosis. The relationship between H. pylori gastritis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was analyzed using the Chi-square test. A total of 52 children were included in this study; about 32 were positive and 20 were negative for H. pylori infection. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate examination showed that 78.1% of the population was positive and 45% of the population was negative for H. pylori with abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Chi-square test showed that there was a significant (p=0.015) between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H.pylori infection and children with H.pylori infection tended to have an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate. There is a significant association between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and H. pylori gastritis infection in children.

Abstract : The current study aimed to demonstrate the effect of maca powder feeding on hematological parameters and hormones balance in broiler chicken. 80 Ross chicks were utilized in present experiment and distributed into 4 groups (control, 5%, 10% and 15%). The experiment results demonstrated red blood cells (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and package cell volume (PCV) in treated groups (5%, 10% and 15%) exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, white blood cells (WBC) counts exhibited significant (P<0.05) decreased compared with control group. Otherwise, Total protein in treated groups exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, albumin levels in treated groups exhibited non-significant (P<0.05) changes compared with control group. About the hormone levels, Testosterone levels in treated groups exhibited significant (P<0.05) increased compared with control group. While, insulin levels in treated groups exhibited non-significant changes compared with control group. Therefore, it is concluded from the study that adding maca powder to the diet helps to improve the growth of broiler chickens.

Abstract : The health of pregnant women is an important problem to be considered because it impacts the health status of all the people of an area. The importance of this issue is reflected in the United Nations' efforts to address pregnant women’s health: the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Develop an effort model for pregnant women's health through Qanun on the prevention and control of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women at the village level to reduce cases of CED and become a reference for other regions. This study uses mathematical modelling to support regional policies with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The application of this mathematical model assesses the success of the Qanun implementation in the prevention and control of CED in pregnant women. The subjects measured were Tuha Peut and pregnant women. Interventions were given to research subjects at the empowerment stage in the form of (1) implementing the Qanun and the Tuha Peut empowerment model, (2) analysing the perception of Tuha Peut, which includes behavioural domains, (3) strengthening the capacity of Tuha Peut to become the agent of change, (4) measuring Tuha Peut's behavioural practices, (5) measuring the acceptability of maternity care services, (6) strengthening coordination with the Health Service Center or Puskesmas, (7) increasing the Tuha Peut’s Capacity in the Qanun implementation, and (8) monitoring the Qanun implementation. The success of Qanun implementation was measured by (1) analysing program operations (indicators of input, process, output, or outcome), (2) measuring Tuha Peut's efforts in shaping positive behaviour of pregnant women regarding local food consumption, (3) measuring changes in eating behaviour in pregnant women, (4) providing supplementary food for pregnant mothers suffering from CED, (5) decreasing the prevalence of CED events, (6) implementing continuous Qanun and other village policies, and (7) evaluating the Qanun implementation. The contribution of Tuha Peut empowerment modelling in maternal health policies, which can be a reference for other regions, was measured by (1) measuring the prevalence of CED in villages that have implemented the Qanun Gampong, (2) measuring the prevalence of stunting in children born to CED pregnant women who have applied the Qanun Gampong during pregnancy, (3) measuring changes in newly pregnant women's behaviour for Qanun sustainability, (4) scaling up for other villages to develop and implement the Qanun, and (5) making Tuha Peut a peer educator for other villages.