Abstract : This work presents the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) consumption in healthcare settings of the Kyrgyz Republic. The purpose of the study was to assess the NSAIDs use rationality in actual clinical practices. The analysis carried out in a comparative retrospective pharmacoepidemiology design, and 270 medical records of inpatients admitted for treatment during 2018-2020, were analyzed. According to results, the most frequently prescribed drugs are Acetylsalicylic acid (59.2%), Ketorolac (57.1%) and Diclofenac (52.7%). Majority of them, except Ketorolac, found in the current “Essential Medicines’ List” of the Kyrgyz Republic. 61% of NSAIDs used in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue were prescribed under brand names, which significantly increases the treatment cost. 50% of patients simultaneously received 3 or more NSAIDs in various combinations, which is polypharmacy. An analysis of the NSAID quality prescriptions showed that their use was generally consistent with existing international clinical recommendations. The average duration of treatment with NSAIDs is mostly did not exceed 4 days. An analysis of the drugs using rationality in patients with comorbid pathology showed that the prescription of NSAIDs was carried out without taking into account the risk of complications in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular, urinary and gastrointestinal systems.