Abstract :
Peri-implant health is defined as the absence of signs of inflammation, bleeding, and suppuration around dental implants. The presence of adequate KT around dental implants is considered to be beneficial for maintaining peri-implant health and preventing peri-implant diseases, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. A comparative clinical study was conducted on a series of 18 patients with 30 alveolar ridge defects suffering from a horizontal bone defect that will result in the exposure of 2 to 3 mm of the implant threads after the implant placement in the anterior region of the maxilla. The patients were divided into three equal groups: The xenograft bone ring, EthOss® bone graft, and β-TCP bone graft. All of which were used to augment the alveolar ridge simultaneously with implant placement. The keratinized tissue width around the dental implants in each group was evaluated and compared before the surgery and at six, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. The exposure of the graft material during the pre-prosthetic phase was assessed in all of the three groups after six months of the surgical procedure. Xenograft bone ring had the lowest keratinized tissue width among the groups, but the differences were not significant. Graft exposure occurred only in the xenograft bone ring group, showing significant differences between the groups. Within the confines of our study, we observed no difference in the keratinized tissue width among the xenograft bone ring, the EthOss®, and the β-TCP bone graft groups.