Abstract : Indwelling urinary catheterization is a routine procedure before a cesarean section. The catheterization can cause bacterial colonization of the urine and cause urinary tract infections. Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is the cause of 40% of all nosocomial infections worldwide. This study is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design at Khadijah Hospital and Fatimah Hospital in Makassar City. Urine culture examination was performed on 99 patients who were going to undergo elective and emergency cesarean sections before and after catheter insertion in cesarean section procedures. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Mc Nemar, Mann-Whitney test, and t-independent test. The study showed that urinary bacterial colonies before catheterization were found in 18.60% of elective cesarean section patients compared to only 10.71% after catheter insertion. The urinary bacterial colonies before catheterization in 2.33% of emergency cesarean section patients were 14.29% compared to after the catheterization. There was a significant difference in the results of urinary bacterial colonies before and after catheterization in patients with elective cesarean section with a p-value was < 0.05. However, there was no significant difference in the results of bacterial colonies in the urine between pre and post-catheterization in patients with an emergency cesarean section and a value of p > 0.05. There was a change in urine culture before and after catheterization, more colony growth was found in an elective cesarean section than in an emergency cesarean section, and bacterial colony growth was also more common preoperatively than postoperatively.