Abstract : Accidents among rice farmers are on the rise. We conducted a two year quasi experiment to investigate the effects of training on occupational health and safety standards (OHS) and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) on the occurrence of occupational accidents (OA) and rice production by rice farmers in rural Java Island, Indonesia. We randomly chose 70 rice farmers from adjacent villages within one sub-district of Sleman Regency. These farmers were randomly allotted to two groups of thirty-five people; both groups were given PPE since the first year, later on the second year, only group one were trained on OHS and use of PPE while the other group (C) were left untrained. We used descriptive analyses for use of PPE and an independent t-test was used to analyse variables, including cases of OA, age of farmers, education level and rice production. The results show that both OHS and the use of PPE enabled group T to have significantly (P<0.01) lower cases of OA than that of the control group C(1.57 vs. 2.38), leading to longer productive time to farm for the former group. Interventions on group T effectively (P<0.05) reduced risks of accidents or illness during rice farming by 75%. Group T produced much more (P<0.001) rice than group C (7,32 vs. 3,71; tonnes/ha); possibly because group T had a longer productive time. OHS training and use of PPE significantly reduced risks of OA and increased rice production.