Abstract : Lumbricus rubellus has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases due to its proven antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and other properties. To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Lumbricus rubellus. This systematic review is reported based on eligibility using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies were retrieved from four databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library) between 2015 and 2025. We used Review Manager 5.4.1 and the National Institute of Health (NIH) Study Quality Assessment Tool to assess the quality of each study. We report anti-inflammatory effects of Lumbricus rubellus extract either orally or non-orally in both human and animal subjects compared to a control group that did not receive Lumbricus rubellus extract. We identified eight articles assessing anti-inflammatory effects. The total number of patients included was 83 mice, 7 subjects with atopic dermatitis, and 1 cell culture. One article assessed edema score, one article assessed osteoclasts, one article assessed interleukin-31 (IL-31), two articles assessed interleukin-6 (IL-6), one article assessed IL-10, and two articles assessed TNFα and NFκB. All articles showed significant differences between the groups given Lumbricus rubellus extract and the control group, indicating that Lumbricus rubellus has a reliable anti-inflammatory effect. Lumbricus rubellus can be used to manage patients with inflammatory diseases.